Question | Answer |
-itis | inflammation |
hepat/o | liver |
ileum | a part of the small intestine |
ilium | a part of the hip bone |
urethra | the tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
ureter | one of two tubes each leading from a single kidney and inserting into the urinary bladder |
otalgia | earache |
ophthalmologist | eye doctor |
hemat/o | blood |
-logy | process of study |
hematology | process of study of blood |
electr/o | electricity |
cardi/o | heart |
-gram | record |
electrocardiogram | record of the electricity in the heart |
gastr/o | stomach |
gastritis | inflammation of the stomach |
enter/o | intestines |
gastroenterology | process of study of the stomach and intestines |
root | foundation of a term |
suffix | word ending |
prefix | word beginning |
combining vowel | vowel (usually O) that links the root to the suffix or the root to another root |
combining form | combination of the root and the combining vowel |
aden/o | gland |
adenoma | tumor of a gland |
-oma | tumor or mass |
arthr/o | joint |
adenitis | inflammation of a gland |
arthritis | inflammation of a joint |
bi/o | life |
biology | process or condition of studying life |
log/o | study |
-y | process or condition |
biopsy | process or condition of viewing living tissue under a microscope |
-opsy | process of viewing |
carcin/o | cancerous, cancer |
carcinoma | cancerous tumor |
What type of tissue do carcinomas grow from? | Epithelial (surface or skin) cells that cover the outside of the body and line organs, cavities, and tubes within the body. |
cardiology | process or condition of studying the heart |
cephal/o | head |
-ic | pertaining to |
cephalic | pertaining to the head |
cerebr/o | cerebrum (largest part of the brain) |
What is the largest part of the brain? | cerebrum |
CVA | cerebrovascular accident |
-al | pertaining to |
vascul/o | blood vessels |
cerebrovascular accident | A cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurs when damage to blood vessels in the cerebrum causes injury to nerve cells of the brain. This condition is also called a stroke. |
What is another term for cerebrovascular accident? | stroke |
What is another term for stroke? | CVA (cerebrovascular accident) |
cis/o | to cut |
incision | the process of cutting into |
-ion | process |
in- | into |
ex- | out |
excision | the process of cutting out |
crin/o | to secrete (to form and give off) |
secrete | to form and give off |
endo- | within |
What are the endocrine glands? | Glands that secrete hormones directly within (into) the blood stream. |
List the endocrine glands: | thyroid, pituitary, adrenal |
What are the exocrine glands? | Glands that secrete chemicals (e.g., saliva, sweat, tears) through tubes (ducts) to the outside of the body. |
List 3 kinds of chemicals secreted by the exocrine glands: | saliva, sweat, tears |
cyst/o | 1. urinary bladder; 2. a sac or a cyst (sac containing fluid) |
cyst | a sac containing fluid |
-scopy | process or condition of visual examination |
cyt/o | cell |
cytology | the process or condition of studying cells |
derm/o | skin |
dermat/o | skin |
dermatitis | inflammation of the skin |
What are the 3 general rules of basic word structure? | 1. Read from the suffix back to the beginning of the term and across.2. Drop the combining vowel (usually o) before a suffix beginning with a vowel.3. Keep the combining vowel between 2 roots. |
ECG | electrocardiogram |
EKG | electrocardiogram |
EEG | electroencephalogram |
electroencephalogram | record of the electricity in the brain |
subgastric | pertaining to under the stomach |
epigastric | pertaining to above the stomach |
epi- | above |
sub- | under |
encepha/o | brain |