Question | Answer |
What are two sensory innervations to nasopharynx ? | Anterior ethmoidal nerve (opthalmic division of trigeminal nerve V) anteriorly & Sphenopalatine nerve (maxillary division of CN V) posteriorly |
Where is the location of epiglottis? | At level of C3 in children; At level of C5 in adults |
What are the sensory innervations to orophargynx? | To hard and soft palate: palatine nerves from CN V and CN VII nerves To tongue (anterior 2/3): lingual nerve from CNV To tongue (posterior 1/3): glossophargyngeal nerve (CN IX) To tongue for taste sensation: CN VII and IX |
What are the three unpaired cartilages in largynx? | Thyroid, cricoid and epiglottis |
What are the three paired cartilages? | Arytenoid, corniculate and cuneiform |
What is the largest cartilage in larynx? | Thyroid cartilage |
What cartilage is shaped like signet ring? | Cricoid cartilage |
Which nerve controls sensory innervation at Epiglottis (vallecula)? | CN IX |
Which nerve control motor innervation at cricothyroid? | SLN (external) |
Which nerve control sensory innervation between epiglottis and vocal cords? | SLN (internal) |
Which nerve control sensory innervation between vocal cords and trachea? | RLN |
Which nerve controls all muscles of larynx except cricothyroid? | RLN |
Function of SLN (external)? | Control cricothyroid Actions: tension/elongate vocal cords |
Functions of RLN? | Posterior cricoarytenoids (PCA): abductors of vocal cords Lateral cricoarytenoids (LCA): adductors of vocal cords Thyroarytenoids: Relaxers of vocal cords Oblique arytenoids: control sphincters of vestibule. |
Damages to Vagus nerve, unilateral? | Hoarseness |
Damages to Vagus nerve, bilateral? | Aphonia |
Damages to RLN, unilateral? | Hoarseness |
Damages to RLN, bilateral and acute? | Stridor, respiratory distress |
Damages to RLN, bilateral and chronic? | Aphonia |
Damages to SLN, unilateral? | Minimal effects |