Question | Answer |
What is the endocrine system made up of? | a group of ductless glands that secrete 'hormones' |
What is the definition of a hormone? | chemical substances that are produced by ductless glands; released into the blodd stream; and carried to other parts of the body where they produce a specific regulatory effect |
What is the endocrine route? | hormone is transported via the blood to target organ |
What is the route by which a hormone is screted to the exterior of the body where it interacts with a target organ? | exocrine |
What is the paracrine route? | hormone secreted into the space in between cells and the interstitial fluid carries them to the target organ |
What is the route in which a gormone produced by the cell regulates the activity of the cell that produced it? | autocrine |
What is the neurocrin route? | hormones diffuse through synaptic clefts similar to neurotransmitters |
Which route does the hormone pass through gap junctions (between) cells and alters the functino of adjacent cells? | epicrine |
What are the properties used to determine the types of hormones? | peptides (protein), amines (modifications of tyrosine), and steroids (cholesterol) |
Where are peptide hormones and amines stored? | in secretory granules by endocrine cells |
Can steriod hormones be stored? | No, they must be synthesized. |
What is the purpose of gastron? | stimulates release of gastric juices for digestion to being |
Where is gastrin released? | wall of stomach |
Which hormone stimulates secretion of intestinal/pancreatic juices to continue digestion in duodenum? | Secretin |
Where is secretin produced? | wall of small intestine |
What hormone is produce in the kidney and what does it do? | erythropoietin stimulates bone marrow |
Where are the peptide hormone receptors located? | cell membrane |
How is the response time of the peptide hormone receptors? | Rapid and quickly reversed as well |
What are the secondary messengers? | cellular components that bring about desired hormone effects of hormone after bindingof hormone to receptor |
Which hormone receptors are found in the cytoplasm/nucleus? | steroid |
How is the response time of steriod hormone receptors? | They are slower than the peptide hormone receptors but last longer. |
Increase production of this brings about desired effect of hormone. | protein |
Which organs only function to produce hormones? | Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal |
Which hormones are secreted by the hypothalamus? | CRH, GnRH, GHRH, TRH |
What do the hormones of the hypothalamus do? | synethesizes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormones |
The hypothalamus stimulates the release of various hormones from what? | adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) |
Which gland contains hormones that generally affect the function of many organs in a variety of systems? | pituitary |
What are the two histologically distinct tissues and another name for them? | Anterior lobe, epithelial tissue, Adenohypophysis; posterior lobe, neural tissue, Neurohypophysis |
What does adeno- mean? | gland |