Term | Definition |
Function of bones | Support, Protection, Movement, Storage (of fats, minerals like calcium and phosphorous), Blood Cell Formation |
Long Bones
Ex. | Shaft with heads at both sides
Femur, Tibula, Fibula |
Short Bones
Ex. | Generally cube-shaped and contain mostly spongy bone
Patella |
Flat bones
Ex. | Thin, flattened, and usually curved
Sternum |
Irregular Bones
Ex. | Vertebrae |
Epiphysis | the heads of LONG BONES at the ends. Strengthens the joint and provides added surface area for attachment of tendons and ligaments |
Diaphysis | the shaft of LONG BONES. Composed mainly of compact bone and contains the medullary canal which contains bone marrow |
Metaphysis | the region of transition from cartilage to bone at the end of the bone |
Articular Cartilage | smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints (helps ease movement together when lubricating fluid secreted between bones) |
Hyaline Cartilage (Functions) | Eases joint movement
Hold airway open
Moves vocal cords in speech
Precursor of bone in fetal skeleton |
Hyaline Cartilage (Location) | Ends of bones at joints
Costal cartilage of ribs
Rings and plates around trachea and bronchi |
Endosteum | connective tissue lining the medullary cavity. Serves as one of the functional surfaces for bone remodeling |
Periosteum | completely covers a bone, except in the region of the articular cartilage. Provides strong attachment and continuity from muscle to tendon to bone |
Compact Bone | (a type of BONE TISSUE) the shell of many bones and surrounds the bone in the center; Dense in texture without cavities (holes) |
Spongy | (a type of BONE TISSUE) located within the medullary cavity; Named because of its sponge-like structure with numerous cavities |