Question | Answer |
Steps of the Scientific Method? | Ask a question, form a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze the results, draw conclusions, communicate results |
Mass? | The amount of matter an object is made of |
Volume | The amount of space something takes up |
Density | the amount of matter in a given space d=m/v |
Physical properties | matter that can be observed or measured without changing its identity |
Physical changes | a change that affects 1 or more physical properties of a substance |
chemical changes | occurs when a substance changes into something with different properties |
chemical properties | describes a substance based on its abilities to change properties |
freezing | liquid to a solid |
melting | solid to a liquid |
condensing | gas to liquid |
boiling | high temp. in a liquid |
changes of state (of matter) | conversion of a substance from one physical form to another |
sublimation | solid to gas |
vaporization | liquid to gas (must be boiling) |
evaporation | liquid to gas (not boiling) |
Boyle's laws | states that when something's pressure goes up its volume goes down |
Charle's laws | states that when something's temp goes up so does its volume |
Elements | pure substance that can not be separated or broken down |
atoms | atomic # (top #) |
protons | # of atoms (+ charge) |
neutrons | atomic weight atomic weight - # of protons |
electrons | # of protons (- charged ) |
mixtures | 2 or more elements that are not chemically combined |
compound | 2 or more elements that are chemically combined |
work | when a force causes an object to move in that direction w= f x d work= joules |
power | the rate at which work is done p= w/t |
solute | dissolved to form a solution |
solvent | substance in which solute is dissolved |
solutions | appears to be a single substance but is not |
solubility | amount of solute needed to make a saturated substance |
homogeneous mixture | a mixture that is in uniform |
heterogeneous mixture | doesn't have a uniform and has different properties |
suspensions | mixture of materials that are dispersed through out |
colloids | particles that are not heavy enough to settle out |
alloys | solid solutions of metals or nonmetals that are dissolved |
simple machines | lever, inclined plane, wedge, screw, wheel and axle, pulley, compound machine |
compound machine | 2 or more simple machines working together |
kinetic energy | energy of motion ke= mv ^2 / 2 |
potential energy | energy of position or shape p=w x h |
newton's first law | object at rest stays at rest, object in motion stays in motion / unless a force is acted upon it. |
newton's second law | states that the acceleration of an object is dependent upon two variables- the net force acting upon the object and the mass of the object |
newton's third law | states that for every action (force) in nature there is an equal and opposite reaction |
renewable | replaced naturally in nature/ reusable |
nonrenewable | will eventually run out |
metals | good conductors, shiny, pound able |
metalloids | some characteristics of metals- not all |
non- metals | no characteristics of metals |
ductility | ability to be drawn or pulled into a wire |
malleability | ability to be pounded into thin sheets |
conductivity | electricity can pass through them |
speed | how fast something is done s=d/t |
velocity | speed within a direction v= d/t |
acceleration | the rate of which velocity changes a= final v - starting v / time it takes to change |
friction | the rubbing together of two objects |