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bark | rough outer covering of a tree & location of a tree's phloem |
block cutting | removing all the trees in areas 100 acres or less |
bottomland hardwood forest | American forest region extends along the Mississippi River |
bristlecone pines | oldest living organisms on earth |
canopy | forest's thick top layer of interlaced leaves |
carbon source | the technical term for a system of object that produces carbon dioxide |
coast redwood | tallest tree species |
crown | top leafy portion of a fully grown tree |
crown fire | most destructive type of forest fire |
cuticle | waxy protective layer on a leaf |
deciduous | a tree that loses its leaves in the fall and stays bare all winter |
dioecious | a tree that produces male and female reproductive parts |
gall | abnormal tree growth caused by insects |
hardwood | another name for broadleaf trees |
heartwood | the hard, dead, clogged wood at the center of a tree |
leaf scar | all that remains on a branch after a leaf falls off |
lenticel | small pore that allows air to enter a stem |
node | place on a stem that leaves grow out of |
old-growth forest | forest that has not been influenced by man or used for timber |
Pinchot | first head of the U.S. Forest Service |
pith | central core of a young woody stem |
prescribed burning | foresters deliberately setting fire to a forest under controlled conditions |
sapling | a young tree |
sapwood | a tree's living, functioning wood |
secondary forest | type of forest that grows up after a virgin forest is cut |
secondary growth | a tree's increase in diameter |
seed-tree method | removing all but a few selected trees from a certain area |
silviculture | branch of forestry that deals with the care and culture of forest trees |
spreading branching | tree with several main branches close to the ground |
stands | groups of tall plants or trees |
sun leaves | thick, small leaves at the tops of trees |
supertrees | crossbred trees that are more insect resistant and produce better wood than normal trees |
sustained yield | intensive forest management system that is intended to cause forests to grow more high-quality trees that mature more quickly than normal |
taproots or spreading roots | type of tree roots |
terminal bud | location from which a tree grows in length |
tree | a perennial plant which is at least 20 feet tall and has a single main stem |
tree line | northern and southern limit at which trees grow |
tree roots | part of tree which functions include absorbing water & minerals, making food for the tree, and storing food |
vascular cambium | layer of growth cells just below the bark of a tree |
wood | main tissue of a trunk |
xanthophyll | leaf pigment that gives leaves a yellow color |
xylem | tissue that wood is composed of |
abscission layer | layer of cells that forms at the bse of a petiole to sever a leaf from a branch |
annual growth ring | one layer of springwood and one layer of summerwood |