Term | Definition |
Ankyl/o | crooked, stiff, bent |
Arthr/o | joint |
Burs/o | bursa (sac of fluid near the joint) |
Chondr/o | cartilage |
Cost/o | rib |
Crani/o | skull |
Hem/o | blood |
Kyph/o | hump |
Lamin/o | lamina (part of bone that surrounds the spinal canal; where the spinal cord passes) |
Lord/o | swayback curve/bent backward |
Myel/o | bone marrow or spinal cord |
Oste/o | bone |
Pod/o | foot |
Por/o | pore (small opening) |
Scoli/o | curved |
Spondyl/o | vertebrae (backbone) |
Synovi/o; Synov/o | synovial membrane (membrane that lubricates the joints) |
-listhesis | slipping |
-lysis | loosening / setting free (therapeutic) or breaking down/destruction (diseased condition) |
-penia | deficiency |
-poietic | forming |
Prosthesis | substitute for a disease/missing body part |
Orthotic | mechanical appliance designed to control/correct/compensate for impaired limb function |
Bone Marrow Transplant | used to treat certain types of cancers (leukemia |
Allogenic BMT | uses healthy bone marrow from a compatible donor |
Autologous BMT | the patient receives his own marrow cells that have been previously harvested |
Hallux valgus | abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe (bunion) |
Luxation | total dislocation of a bone from its joint |
Subluxation | partial displacement of a bone from its joint |
Rheumatoid Arthritis | joint inflammation caused by the body’s immune system attacking its own joint tissues |
Ankylosing Spondylitis | stiffening of the vertebrae with inflammation (another form of Rheumatoid Arthritis) |
Osteoarthritis | bone/joint inflammation caused by “wear-and-tear” of cartilage at the joints |
Spondylosis | “wear-and-tear” of the cartilage of the vertebrae |
Lumbago | pain in the lumbar region of the spine (may be caused by anything) |
Spondylolisthesis | vertebra slipping forward on the spinal column |
Spina Bifida | congenital defect where the spinal canal fails to close around the spinal cord |
Kyphosis | abnormal increase of the outward curvature of the spine (humpback) |
Lordosis | abnormal increase of the forward curvature (swayback) |
Scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature of the spine (sideways) |
Compression fracture | collapse of a vertebra due to trauma or weakened state (osteoporosis) |
Comminuted fracture | bone is splintered/crushed into pieces |
Greenstick fracture | bone is bent/partially broken (usually in children) |
Open fracture | bone is broken out to the surface of the skin |
Spiral fracture | bone is broken by a twisting motion (usually in sports injuries) |
Stress fracture | small crack in the bone from overuse or chronic/excessive impact |
Arthrodesis | surgical fixation (fusion) of a joint (to stiffen the joint due to severe deformities) |
Percutaneous Vetebroplasty | surgical repair of the vertebrae where bone cement is injected to stabilize compression fractures |
Arthrolysis | surgical loosening of a (stiffened) joint |
Arthroplasty | surgical repair of a joint (may also be an artificial joint replacement) |
Bursectomy | surgical removal of bursa |
Chondroplasty | surgical repair of (damaged) cartilage |
Synovectomy | surgical removal of synovial membrane from a joint |
Laminectomy | surgical removal of lamina |
Craniotomy | surgical incision into the skull to gain access to the brain |
Craniectomy | surgical removal of a portion of the skull to relieve pressure from swelling of the brain |
Cranioplasty | surgical repair of the skull |
Osteoclasis | surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity |
Ostectomy | surgical removal of bone |
Osteoplasty | surgical repair of bone/bones |
Osteorrhaphy | surgical suturing (wiring together) of bones |
Osteotomy | surgical incision or sectioning of bone |
External fixation | fracture treatment where pins are placed in bone/soft tissues so an external appliance can hold the bone in place during healing |
Internal fixation | fracture treatment where pins or a plate directly hold the bone/broken pieces in place (this is not usually removed after healing) |
Bursitis | inflammation of a bursa |
Chondromalacia | abnormal softening of cartilage |
Chondroma | benign tumor in cartilage |
Costochondritis | inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum |
Hemarthrosis | abnormal condition of blood within a joint |
Synovitis | inflammation of the synovial membrane |
Craniostenosis | abnormal narrowing of the skull (a malformation of the premature closure of the skull) |
Ostealgia | bone pain |
Osteitis | inflammation of bone |
Osteomalacia | abnormal softening of bones in adults (caused by Vitamin D deficiency) |
Osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone and bone marrow |
Osteonecrosis | death of bone tissue (due to insufficient blood supply) |
Myeloma | cancer found in bone marrow |
Osteochondroma | benign bony projection covered with cartilage |
Osteoporosis | abnormal condition of porous bone (loss of bone density) |
Osteopenia | bone deficiency (thinner than average bone that is a risk factor for osteoporosis) |
Chiropractor | specializes in spinal manipulation to treat various disorders |
Orthopedic surgeon | specializes in diseases/disorders involving the bones |
Osteopath | uses traditional forms of medical treatment in addition to spinal manipulation |
Podiatrist | specializes in disorders of the foot |
Hemopoietic | pertaining to the formation of blood (from bone marrow) |
Arthrosclerosis | abnormal hardening of a joint |
Ankylosis | stiff; abnormal condition (loss of joint mobility) |
Hemopoietic | pertaining to the formation of blood (from bone marrow) |
Myeloma | tumor found in bone marrow |
Osteochondroma | benign tumor of bone and cartilage (cartilage-capped bony growth) |
BMT | Bone Marrow Transplant |
BDT | Bone Density Testing |
CR | Closed Reduction |
Fx | Fracture |
OA | Osteoarthritis |
OP | Osteoporosis |
TMJ | Temporomandibular Joint |
THA | Total Hip Ahtroplasty |
TJA | Total Joint Arhtroplasty |
TKA | Total Knee Arthroplasty |