Question | Answer |
Vascular or Non-vascular | scientist's grouping of when plants are classified by how they transport water |
Rhizoids | small, root-like structures mosses have |
Horsetails | vascular plants with tall, hollow jointed stems |
Rhizomes | underground stems that grow from ferns and horsetails |
Biennial | plants that need two growing seasons to fully develop |
Perennial | plants that can live for three or more years |
Angiosperms | are usually classified by their seed structure as either monocots or dicots |
Primary root | the first root that emerges from a seed |
Herbaceous | plants that have soft, green stems |
Taproot | roots that grow straight down into the soil; found in dicots |
Annuals | plants that grows, flowers, and produces seeds in one growing season. |
Phloem | tubes that carry sugars and food throughout the plant |
Difference between monocot & dicot | Study your book |
Gymnosperms | Includes cycads, gingkoes, gnetophytes, and conifers; do not have flowers, seeds develop inside cones, seeds only protected by seed coat |
Xylem & Phloem | cambium cells produces more of these so that trees can grow wider |
Fronds | leafy branches of a fern |
Monocot | one cotyledon, flowers have petals in groups of three, fibrous root, narrow leaves with parallel veins |
cotyledon | tiny seed leaves of the embryo |
resin | sticky substance that protects a pine tree from diseases and insects when a branch is broken |
Dicots | leaves have branching veins, long taproot or woody stems |
Tuber | food storage stem of some plants |
Fiddlehead | tightly coiled developing frond |
Angiosperms | have flowers, seeds protected inside a fruit |
Vascular | plants with tubelike structures that transport water |
Nonvascular | plants without tubelike structures that transport water |
Fern | seedless vascular plant |
Roots | absorb water and nutrients, affect the size and health of the plant, and help anchor the plant in the soil |
cambium | layer of cells between the xylem and phloem that produces more xylem and phloem |
xylem | tubes that carry water and minerals from the roots to the top of the plant |
Fibrous | many thin roots that spread out in all directions |