Term | Definition |
group/family | vertical column of elements in the periodic table; have the same number and arrangement of valence electrons |
period | horizontal row of elements in the periodic table |
valence electrons | electrons located in the last energy level/shell of an atom |
metals | element that have the property of shiny luster, ductility, and malleability. most elements are metals |
luster | the way a material reflects light |
malleable | able to be hammered into different shapes |
ductile | able to be drawn into thin wires [metals] |
nonmetals | elements that have different property then metals; dull and brittle; located to the right of the zig zag line on the periodic table |
halogens | elements that make up group 17 on the periodic table; most likely to form negative ions |
noble gasses | elements that make up group 18 on the periodic table; all elements contain a stable number of valence electrons |
alkali metals | metals in group one of the periodic table; they are very reactive |
alkaline earth metals | metals in group 2 of the periodic table |
metalloids | elements that have the property's of both metals and non metals |
isotope | atom of a elements that has the same number of protons as the other atom, but a different number of neutrons |
ion | charged atom formed when the atom gains or looses electrons |
ionic bond | bond formed between atoms that have gained or lost electrons; one atom transfers electrons to another |
covalent bond | bond formed when atoms share electrons |
subscript | little numbers below the line that tells you how many atoms of an element there are in a molecule
EX: H2O, the subscript is 2 |
coefficient | regular sized numbers in front of a formula that tells you how many molecules there are
EX: 3 H2O, the coefficient is 3 |
reactant | molecules to the left of the arrow in the chemical equation |