Term | Definition |
Heredity | The passing of traits from parents to offspring |
Hybrid | A organism that has two different alleles for a trait |
Purebred | The offspring that many generations that have the same traits |
Trait | A characteristic that an organism can pass through it's genes. |
Offspring | The product or result of something |
Gene | The set of information that controls a trait. |
Alleles | The different forms of a gene |
Dominant Allele | An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present |
Recessive Allele | An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present |
Homozygous | Having two identical alleles for a trait |
Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a trait |
Genotype | An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations |
Phenotype | An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits |
Meiosis | The process that occurs in the formation of sex cells by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half |
Haploid | Produced during meiosis and reduces the number of chromosomes in the Dipoid cell by half |
Diploid | Having paired sets of chromosomes in a cell nucleus or a cell |
Mutation | A change in a gene or chromosomes |
Insertion | the addition of extra DNA or RNA into a section of genetic material |
Deletion | losing a section of nucleic acid molecule or chromosome |
Substitution | To replace one gene or trait with another one |
Sex Linked Genes | A gene that is carried on the x or y chromosome |
Carrier | A person who has the recessive allele for a trait but not the trait |
Sex Chromosomes | The chromosomes that determine a persons gender |
Genetic Disorders | An abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes |
Pedigreee | A family tree that tracks all the members that have a certain trait |
Selective Breeding | The process of selecting a few organisms with the desirable traits to serve as the parents of the next generations |
Inbreeding | A selective breeding method in which two individuals with identical or similar sets of alleles are crossed |
Hybridization | A selective breeding method in which two genetically different individuals are crossed |
Clone | An organism with identical alleles as it's producer |
Genetic Engineering | The transfer of a gene from one organism to another's dna |
Gene Therapy | The insertion of working copies into cells of a person with a genetic disorder |