Question | Answer |
compound microscope | a microscope that increases magnification by using more than one lens |
cell | the smallest unit of living matter that can perform life functions |
cell theory | a theory that states that all organisms are made up of one or more cells, that cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things, and that all cells come from cells that already exist |
unicellular organisms | organisms that are made of only one cell |
multicellular organisms | organisms that are made up of more than one cell |
flagellum | a long, whip-like structure that extends from a cell and moves the cell through the water |
cilia | hair-like extensions on the surface of a cell |
pseudopod | an extension of the inside fluid of the cell that allows for the movement of some unicellular organisms |
cell membrane | the very thin covering that surrounds a cell and allows certain substances to move into and out of the cell |
cytoplasm | the gel-like substance inside the cell membrane |
nucleus | a cellular structure that directs the activities of a cell |
eukaryotic cells | cells with a nucleus |
prokaryotic cells | cells that do NOT have a nucleus |
organelles | structures within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell |
vacuoles | storage areas found in some eukaryotic cells that can store food, water, and waste |
mitochondria | organelles in which energy is released from a cell's food |
cell wall | the rigid structure outside the cell membrane that supports and protects the plant cell |
chloroplasts | small oval or disk-shaped structures that contain chlorophyll, which allows plants to make their own food |
energy | the ability to make things happen, cause change, and do work |
diffusion | the movement of particles from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated |
osmosis | the diffusion of water through a membrane |
active transport | the movement of materials by living cells from an area of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration |
respiration | the process by which cells release energy from food |
photosynthesis | the process by which plants use energy from light to produce food |
science | the study of all living and non-living things; a branch of knowledge about a particular subject |
scientific method | a problem solving guide |
hypothesis | an educated guess |
data | a record of observations |
procedure | a step-by-step list of instructions and materials needed to conduct your experiment |
variable | a part of an experiment that can change |