Term | Definition |
metabolic rate | the amount of energy expended in a given period, or the physical changes that occur in the body taht result in heat production |
metabolism | the physicological and biochemical process that promote growth and sustain life |
fluid retention | an accumlation of fluide in body tissues or body cavities |
metabolic disorder | a condition characterized by the body's inability to synthesize or process food into forms the body can use for energy, growth and development |
hiatus hernia | a condition in which the upper part of the stomach,which is joined to the esophagus or feeding tube moves up into the crest through a hole in the diaphragm. |
dysphagia | difficulty swallowing |
Bard Button | (MIC device) A feeding device permanently in the stomach to facilitate supplemental feedings |
G Tube | gastrostomy tube-inserted through an incision in the abdomen into the stomach |
PEG Tube | percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube a feeding tube inserted via endoscopy into the stomach |
J Tube | Jejunostomy Tube inserted into the small intestines |
NG Tube | nasogasteric tube inserted through the nose into the stomach |
enteral feeding | feeding by tube directly into the gastrointestinal system |
gastric suction | gentle suction applied to a tube placed in the stomach to remove excessive secretions such as
saliva and gastric juices |
bowel sounds | the audible return of gastrointestinal movement (peristalsis) or BS x4 in all 4 abdominal quadrants |
absorption | taking up of liquids by solids or of gases by solids or liquids |
calcium | important for enzyme activation, blood clotting, acid balance, gives firmness to teeth and bones, is essential for lactation, the function of nerves and muscles |
calories | a unit of heat |
carbohydrates | one of the six classes of nutrients needed by the body. |
cholesterol | synthesized in the liver and is normal constitute of bile (gallstones, plaque) |
deficiency | less than normal amount /a lack of |
dietician | an individual whose training & experience are in area of nutrition and dietary requirements of the healthy and sick |
digestion | the process by which food is broken down mechanically and chemically the gastrointestinal tract |
essential amino acids | required for growth & development but cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained from food |
Ensure | nutritional shakes and drinks to help reach your health goals |
malnutrition | disease that results from inadequate consumption of food, proteins, vitamins, and iron |
anabolism | the building up of body tissue, the constructive phase of metabolism by which cells take from the blood nutrients required for repair and growth. |
minerals | an inorganic element or compound occurring in nature, esp on that is solid |
nutrients | any food that supplies the body with chemicals necessary for metabolism |
potassium | a mineral that servers as both the principle cation ( a positive electric charge) in intracelluar fluid and an important electrolyte in extracelluar fluid |
protein | complex nitrogen-containing compounds synthesized by all living organisms and yielding amino acids when hydrolyzed. Necessary for the growth and repair of tissue. |
nutrition | the ingestion & utilization of food by which growth, repair, and maitenance of activities in teh body are accomplished. |
refined | to purify or render free from foreign material |
sodium | the most abundant cation (positive electric charge)in extracellular fluids, the main contributor to osmotic pressure and hydration, participates in many specialized pumps and receptors on cell membranes. |
glucose | a simple sugar or monosaccharide that is the end product of carbohydrate digestion |
vitamins | Only A,D and K are made within the body. The rest must be conusmed in diet. Vitamin A is the precursor to carotene, vitamin D is formed by ultraviolet rays on skin; and vitamin K is formed by the symbiotic action of bacteria within the intestines |
catabolism | the destructive phase of metabolism-forms adenosine triphosphate (ATP) |