Question | Answer |
What are the different types of weathering? | Mechanical Weathering & Chemical Weathering |
What is weathering? | Weathering is the process that breaks down rock into smaller pieces. |
What are the five types of mechanical weathering and what do they each do? | ABRASION - weathering caused by wind, water, ice, etc.....
FREEZING AND THAWING - water seeps through cracks in rock and freezes, expands, and breaks the rock
The next card will have the rest of the answers |
What are the five types of mechanical weathering and what do they each do? | HEATING AND COOLING - lots of heat cause rocks to flake, and then the pieces cool down and chip off
PLANT GROWTH - plant roots grow deep in the ground and can grow into rock, cracking it
The next card will have the rest. |
What are the five types of mechanical weathering and what do they each do? | ANIMAL ACTIONS - animals dig and build homes underground, putting pressure on and breaking rock |
What are the five types of chemical weathering and what do they each do? | WATER - the universal dissolvent, can break down anything
CARBONATION - carbon dioxide particles mix with water particles to produce a weak acid
LIVING THINGS - some plants produce weak acids that can break down rock |
What are the five types of chemical weathering and what do they each do? | OXIDATION - oxygen particles mix with water to produce acids
ACID RAIN - pollutants get into clouds and into the rain that falls on Earth; the rain has acids now that will slowly break down rock |
What is soil made up of? | Soil is made up of humus, air, water, rock particles, and minerals. |
What is humus? | Humus is a mixture of decayed remains from a once-living being. |
What are the layers of soil? | Litter - Topsoil - Subsoil - Horizon C - Bedrock |
How much good and useful topsoil do we have on Earth? | The top of 1/24 of Earth is the good and useful soil we have on Earth. |
What are the different types of soil and which one is best for living things? | Clay - Sand - Loam Loam is the best type of soil for living things. |
What is topsoil? | Topsoil - the first layer of soil underground; dark brown color; rich with humus and living things; very few rocks; perfect for plants; lets water and air pass through easily; crumbly |
What is subsoil? | Subsoil - the layer beneath the topsoil; reddish color; has enough humus and few few living things;lets water and air pass, but it's very hard; has lots and lots of small rocks |
What is Horizon C? | Horizon C - layer beneath the subsoil; beige color with many rocks; medium-sized to large rocks; has little to no humus; has no living things; water and air cannot pass through |
What is erosion? | Erosion is the movement of rock particles from one place to another. |
What can cause erosion? | Wind - Water - Ice - Gravity - Natural Forces |
What is bedrock? | Bedrock - the layer beneath Horizon C; made of pure rock; no living things or space for water and air to pass through; rocky color |
Why do we need soil? | Soil is the start of our natural food chain. Producers grow in soil, animals eat producers, animals eat animals, and we eat everything in between. |
What would life be like without soil? | Everyone would have to live on seafood and seaplants. |