Term | Definition |
force | push or pull on an object |
type A: contact | tension, elastic, friction |
type B: at-a-distance | gravitational, electrostatic, magnetic |
mass | (kg, g)
amount of matter in an object
always stays the same |
weight | (N)
amount of force on an object due to gravity
changes depending on where you are in the universe |
balanced forces | equal in strength
oppose each other in direction
keep object moving at constant speed and direction |
unbalanced forces | cause change in speed or direction of an object |
pressure | amount of force acting on an area or an object
increase pressure=smaller volume=particles closer together |
formula for pressure | P = F/A |
compression | decrease in volume from force |
compressible: gasses? | yes, large amount of space between particles |
compressible: liquids? | no, incompressible |
compressible: solids? | no, incompressible |
kinetic energy in gasses | when energy is added to a gas, the kinetic energy of the particles is increased
warmer gas expands faster that cooler gas |
gas in pressurized containers (aerosols) | when aerosols are heated, pressure increases
fast-moving particles bounce against sides of container
could cause explosion |
deformation | change of shape without being forced into smaller volume |
unit for pressure | 1 N/m2 = 1 Pascal (Pa) |
implosion | collapse inward
air pressure inside is lower than air pressure outside of container |
viscosity | fluid's resistance to flow
liquid's viscosity decreases when heated, increases when cooled
gas's increases when heated, decreases when cooled |
adhetion | attraction or joining two objects or fluids to each other |
cohesion | the strength with which the particles of an object or fluid attract each other |
viscosity: the effects of particle shapes | higher viscosity=more complicated shape of molecules |
flow rate | speed at which fluid flows from one point to another |
surface tension | property of a liquid in which the surface of it acts like a thin membrane or skin |