Term | Definition |
abdomin/o | abdomen |
amyl/o | starch |
an/o | anus |
antr/o | relationship to an antrum |
appendic/o | appendix |
-ase | enzyme |
bilirubin/o | bilirubin |
bucc/o | cheek (facial) |
cec/o | cecum |
celi/o | belly abdomen |
cheiol/o | saliva |
chol/e or bil/i | gall or bile |
cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
choledoch/o | common bile duct |
col/o or colon/o | colon |
dent/o or odont/o | teeth |
dont/o | tooth |
duoden/o | duodenum |
enter/o | small intestine |
esophag/o | esophagus |
gastr/o | stomach |
gingiv/o | gums |
gloss/o | tongue |
gluc/o glyc/o | sugar |
glycogen/o | glycogen animal starch |
hepat/o | liver |
ile/o | ileum |
-iasis | abnormal condition |
jejun/o | jejunum |
labi/o or cheil/o | lip |
lingu/o or gloss/o | tongue |
lip/o or steat/o | fat lipids |
or/o | mouth oral |
palat/o | palate |
pancreat/o | pancreas |
peritone/o | peritoneum |
pharyng/o | pharynx throat |
polyp- | a tumor with a pedicle |
-prandial | meal |
proct/o | anus rectum |
pylor/o | pylorus |
rect/o | rectum |
sial/o | saliva |
sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon |
spleen/o | spleen |
stomat/o | mouth |
tonsill/o | tonsil |
uvul/o | uvula |
-ase | enzyme |
-clysis | irrigation or washing |
-flux | flow |
-gram | record |
-iasis | abdominal condition |
-ist | a specialist |
-itis | inflammation |
-lithiasis | calculus or stone |
-lytic | destruction or breakdown |
-megaly | enlargement |
-orrhaphy | surgical fixation or suturing |
-ostomy | creation of an artificial opening |
-phagia | eating swallowing |
-prandal | meal |
-rrhaphy | suturing in place |
-spasm | sudden involuntary muscle contraction |
-tomy | cutting incision |
-tresia | opening |
-tripsy | crushing |
Ascites | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity |
Borborygmus | Rumbling gurgling sound made by moving of gas in the intestine |
Bruxism | Grinding the teeth involuntarily often while sleeping |
Calculus | Stones |
Cachexia | Generalized poor nutrition |
Cathartic | Strong laxative |
Cholelithiasis | Condition of having gallstones |
Eructation | Act of belching or raising gas from the stomach |
Esophageal varices | Swollen twisted veins around the distal end of the esophagus |
Esophagitis | Inflammation of the esophagus |
Flatus | Gas expelled through the anus |
Gallstones | Hard collections of bile that form in the gallbladder and bile ducts |
Gastric ulcer | Lesion on the wall of the stomach |
Herpes simplex | Cold sore or fever blister on the lip or nose due to the herpes virus |
Hiatal hernia | Protrusion of part of the stomach through the esophageal opening into the diaphragm |
Hyperemesis | Excessive vomiting |
Ileus | Intestinal obstruction that can be caused by failure of peristalsis following surgery |
Intussusception | Telescoping of the intestine |
Laxative | Medication encouraging the movement of feces |
Leukoplakia | White plaques or patches of mouth mucosa |
Melena | Black stool orfeces containing blood |
Nasogastric | Pertaining to the nose and stomach |
Hepatitis | Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or damage to the liver |
Hepatitis A | Acute inflammation of the liver spread by fecal-oral contact |
Hepatitis B | Inflammation of the liver due to a virus transmitted by blood and body fluids |
Hepatitis C | Virus affecting the liver spread through blood and body fluids |
apepsia | Cessation of digestion |
alimentary tract | The digestive system |
bowel | Intestine |
cecum | First part of the large intestine |
colon | Large intestine ā ascending transverse and descending parts |
common bile duct | Carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum |
duodenum | First part of the small intestine |
emesis | Vomiting |
emulsification | Breaking up of large fat molecules |
enamel | Hard outermost layer of a tooth |
enzyme | A chemical that speeds up a reaction between substances |
esophagus | Tube connecting the mouth and the stomach |
eructation | Producing gas from the stomach belching |
etiology | Study of the cause of disease |
feces | Solid wastes stool |
gallbladder | Small sac under the liver stores bile |
gavage | Feeding with a stomach tube |
ileum | Third part of the small intestine |
incisor | One of four front teeth in the dental arch |
insulin | Hormone produced by the pancreas |
jejunum | Second part of the small intestine |
mastication | Chewing |
palate | Roof of the mouth |
pancreas | Organ under the stomach produces insulin |
peristalsis | Wavelike contractions of the tubes of the alimentary tract |
pharynx | Throat |
rectum | End of the colon |
rugae | Ridges on the hard palate and wall of the stomach |
sigmoid colon | Lower part of the colon shaped like an āSā |
sphincter | Ring of muscles |
appendix | Blind-ended pouch hanging from the cecum |
villi | Tiny microscopic projections in the walls of the small intestine to absorb nutrients into the blood stream |
volvulus | twisting of the intestine upon itself |