Question | Answer |
lava vent | systems of tunnels that funnel lava outward along the sides of a volcano |
Earthquakes | the violent, rapid shaking of the earth caused by a rupture in its crust. |
Seismic waves | energy released by an earthquake that travels through the earth in the form of waves. |
p-waves | a seismic wave produced at the focus of an earthquake that is the fastest of all seismic waves and can travel through all states of matter. |
s-waves | a seismic wave generated at the focus of an earthquake that travels in the form of a wave and can only pass through solids. |
surface waves | a seismic wave formed from the interaction of other seismic waves at the earth's surface caused by an earthquake, which causes the ground to move in a wavelike rolling motion. |
focus | the point in the earth's crust where a rock mass is broken or moved causing an earthquake. |
epicenter | the point on earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake. |
volcano | marks a point on the earth's surface where hot molten rock, or lava flow from beneath earth's surface |
lava | hot, molten rock that flows freely on the earth's surface. |
magma chambers | tubes, tunnels or large cavities in the earth's crust through which magma travels or collects. |
eruption | the sudden release of lava or pyroclastic material from a volcano. |
caldera | large crater caused by a violent volcanic eruption. |
pyroclastic flow | rapidly moving flow of extremely hot gases, water, ash and debris that is ejected from a volcano during an eruption. |
lahars | a rapid flow of mud and debris formed from the rapid melting of snow and ice associated with a volcanic eruption. |