Question | Answer |
Continental Drift | A hypothesis that continents have moved slowly to their current locations |
Pangea | A super continent that was composed of all over the continents |
Seafloor Spreading | A theory that hot, less dense material below Eath's crust rises toward the surface at the mid-ocean ridges |
Plate Tectonics | A theory that Earth's crust and part of the upper mantle are broken into sections |
Plate | The sections that make up Earth's crust and part of the upper mantle that are broken into sections |
Lithosphere | The layer of Earth that consists of the crust and upper mantle |
Asthenosphere | The plasticlike laeyr below the lithosphere |
Convection Current | A cycle made up of heating, rising, cooling, and sinking. It is also suggested to be the force behind continental drift |
Earthquake | The vibrations produced by the breaking of rock |
Primary Waves | Cause particles in rocks to move back and forth in the same direction that the wave is traveling, move quickly |
Secondary Waves | Move through Earth by casuing particles in rocks to move at right angles to the direction of wave travel |
Surface Waves | move rock particles in a backward, rolling motion and a side-to-side, swaying motion |
Epicenter | The point on Earth's surface directly above the earthquake |
Seismograph | This instrument measures seismic waves produced from an earthquake |
Volcano | An opening in Earth that erupts gases, ash, and lava |
Vent | After many years, magma reaches Earth's surface and flows out through an opening |
Crater | Steep-walled depression around a colcano's vent |
Hot Spot | Hor rock at these areas is forced toward the crust where it melts partially |
Shield Volcano | Build up of basaltic lava form a broad volcano with gently sloping sides |
Tephra | Bits of rock or solidified lava dropped from the air |
Composite Volcano | A cycle of lava and tephra is repeated over and over again to form a valcano in alternating layers |
Cinder Cone Volcano | When tephra falls to the ground, it forms a steep-sided, loosely packed valcano |