Term | Definition |
Prokaryote | Organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. |
Eukaryote | Organisms whose cells have an distinct nucleus and organelles . |
Unicellular | Having one cell. |
Multicellular | Having more than one cell. |
Cell Theory | All living things are made of cells.
The cell is the unit of structure and function in living things.
All new cells come from previously existing cells. |
Cell Wall | A protective layer that surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells. |
Cell Membrane | A thin, flexible outer layer that holds the cell together and controls which materials can enter and leave the cell. |
Organelle | A structure inside the cell that carries out a certain function. |
Cytoplasm | The fluid that that fills most space in a cell. |
Nucleus | Controls the cell. |
Nucleolus | Contains all the DNA in the cell, makes ribosomes. |
Mitochondria | The power house of the cell. It takes in fuel and changes it into a substance the cell can use for energy. |
Vacuole | Stores materials inside the cell. |
Chloroplast | Are the organelles that make food for the cell. ( only in plant cells) |
Ribosome | Makes proteins. |
Smooth ER | A transitional area for vesicles. |
Rough ER | Manufactures membranes and proteins. |
Golgi Body | Packages proteins inside the cell. |
Lysosome | Breaks down materials. |
Turgor Pressure | The pressure exerted by water inside the cell against the cell wall. |
Endocrine System | Secretes hormones that regulate body functions. |
Immune System | Protects against disease. |
Lymphatic System | A system of vessels assisting the veins in recovering the body's tissue fluids and returning them to the heart. |
Homozygous | Same allele. |
Heterozygous | Different allele. |