Question | Answer |
intrusive | rocks that form from magma below the surface |
sedimentary rock | forms when sediments are pressed and cemented together, or when minerals form from solution |
igneous rock | when hot magma cools and hardens |
sediment | are loose materials such as rock fragments mineral grains, and bits of shell that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity |
granitic | describes generally light-colored, silica-rich igneous rock that is less dense than basaltic rock |
rock cycle | to show how rocks slowly change through time, scientists have created a model called___ |
foliated | when mineral grains line up in parallel layers, the metamorphic rock is said to have a ___ texture |
rock | is a mixture of such minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other natural materials |
extrusive | formed as lava cools on the surface of Earth |
nonfoliated | in some matamorphic rocks, layering does not occur. The mneral grains grow and rearrange but they don't form layers. This process produces a ___ texture |
compaction | erosion moves sediment to a new location, where they then are deposited. Here, layer upon layer of sediments build up. Pressure from the upper layers pushes down on the lower layers. If the sediments are small, they can stick together & form solid rock |
metamorphic rock | rocks that have chenged b/c of changes in temperature & pressure or the presense of hot, watery fluids |
cementation | occurs when minerals such as quartz, calcite, & hemitite are deposided between the pieces of sediment |
lava | when magma reaches Earth's suface & flows from volcanoes |
basaltic | igneous rocks are light-colored rocks of a lower density than ___ rocks |