Question | Answer |
4 characteristics of muscles | Contracility, Excitability, Extensibility, elasticity |
ability of muscle to shorten with force | contractility |
capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to stimulus | excitability |
ability to be stretched | extensibility |
abililty to recoil to their original resting length after being stretched | elasticity |
muscle helps to produce | heat |
muscles help regulate and keep a normal? | body temoperature |
skeletal muscle that is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath | epimysium |
connective tissue outside the epimysium | fascia |
a muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles called | fascicle |
fascicles are surrounded by a connective tissue called | perimysium |
fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells called | fibers |
each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called | endomysium |
the cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with | myofibrilis |
a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | myofibrils |
2 types of myofibril protein fibers | actin myofilaments, myosin myofilaments |
thin myofilaments that resemble pearls twisted together | actin myofilaments |
thick myofilaments that resemble bundles of minute golf clubs | myosin myofilaments |
actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called | sarcomeres |
basic structural and functional unit of the muscle | sarcomere |
the charge difference across the membrane is called | resting membrane potential |
the brief reversal back of the charge is called | action potential |
nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers are | motor neurons |
each branch that connects to the muscle forms a | neuromuscular junction or synapse |
a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called | motor units |
an enlarged nerve terminal is called | presynaptic terminal |
the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell is | presynaptic cleft |
the muscle fiber after the synaptic cleft is | postsynaptic terminal |
each presynaptic terminal contains | synaptic vesicles |
the neurotransmitter is | acetycholine |
the acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is broken down by enzymes called | acetylcholinesterase |
when does muscle contraction occur? | when actin and myosin myofilaments slide past one another causing sarcomeres to shorten |
the sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction is called | sliding filament mechanism |
a cintraction of an entire muscle in repsonse to a stimulus | muscle twitch |
the point at which the muscle fiber will contract maximally | threshold |
the phenomenon which deals with the muscles full contraction is | all or none response |
the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction is called | lag phase |
4 characteristics of muscles | Contracility, Excitability, Extensibility, elasticity |
ability of muscle to shorten with force | contractility |
capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to stimulus | excitability |
ability to be stretched | extensibility |
abililty to recoil to their original resting length after being stretched | elasticity |
muscle helps to produce | heat |
muscles help regulate and keep a normal? | body temoperature |
skeletal muscle that is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath | epimysium |
connective tissue outside the epimysium | fascia |
a muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles called | fascicle |
fascicles are surrounded by a connective tissue called | perimysium |
fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells called | fibers |
each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called | endomysium |
the cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with | myofibrilis |
a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | myofibrils |
2 types of myofibril protein fibers | actin myofilaments, myosin myofilaments |
thin myofilaments that resemble pearls twisted together | actin myofilaments |
thick myofilaments that resemble bundles of minute golf clubs | myosin myofilaments |
actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called | sarcomeres |
basic structural and functional unit of the muscle | sarcomere |
the charge difference across the membrane is called | resting membrane potential |
the brief reversal back of the charge is called | action potential |
nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers are | motor neurons |
each branch that connects to the muscle forms a | neuromuscular junction or synapse |
a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called | motor units |
an enlarged nerve terminal is called | presynaptic terminal |
the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell is | presynaptic cleft |
the muscle fiber after the synaptic cleft is | postsynaptic terminal |
each presynaptic terminal contains | synaptic vesicles |
the neurotransmitter is | acetycholine |
the acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is broken down by enzymes called | acetylcholinesterase |
when does muscle contraction occur? | when actin and myosin myofilaments slide past one another causing sarcomeres to shorten |
the sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction is called | sliding filament mechanism |
a cintraction of an entire muscle in repsonse to a stimulus | muscle twitch |
the point at which the muscle fiber will contract maximally | threshold |
the phenomenon which deals with the muscles full contraction is | all or none response |
the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction is called | lag phase |
the time of contraction is the | contraction phase |
the time during which muscle relaxes is the | relaxation phase |
when the muscle remians contracted without relaxing is called | tetany |
the increase in the number of motor units being activated is | recruitment |
what is neeeded for energy for muscles to contract? | ATP |
ATP is produced in the | mitochondria |
what does ATP stand for? | adenosine triphosphate |
what does ADP stand for? | adenosine diphosphate |
wihtout oxygen? | anaerobic respiration |
with oxygen | aerobic respiration |
equal distance | isometric |
equal tension | isotonic |
constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time | muscle tone |
contract quickly and fatigue quickly | fast twitch fibers |
contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue | slow twitch fibers |