Question | Answer |
What does it mean that a water molecule is polar? | there is positive charge at one end of the molecule and negative charge at the other. |
What is pH? What do high and low pHs mean? What pH is neutral? | pH is a measurement of the acid or alkaline properties of a molecule--high pHs (above8) are basic and low pHs (below6) are acidic--neutral is pH 7. |
What general function do enzymes accomplish? | cause the breakdown of nutrients into smaller molecules--combined with other enzymes--complex materials required by the cell--derive energy from chemicals for use by the growing cell. |
What are the workers of a cell? | enzymes--which are polymers of amino acids |
Would an organism that contains 1 million base pairs of DNA be more likely to have 1 thousand or 10 thousand genes? | 1,000--an average gene is about one thousand base pairs long. |
How many bases of RNA are required to code for one amino acid? | 3 RNA bases for 1 amino acid |
How do DNA and RNA differ? | DNA--double stranded, has the sugar deoxyribose and the nucleotide T(thymidine)--RNA--single stranded--ribose, and U (uridine) in place of T |
If a bacterial cell has 35% guanine, how much cytosine would it have? How much adenine? Why is this so? | 35% cytosine--C always =s G in DNA--15% adenine because remaining 30% of nucleotides must have = A and T. |
What is the main function of lipids in the cell membrane? | small macromolecules that span cell membranes--provide nonpolar boundary to keep cellular contents in and unwanted materials out. |