Question | Answer |
albino | any plant or animal that has pale, defective coloring |
anther | the upper portion of a stamen which contains pollen grains |
chromosome | rod-shaped parts of a reproductive cell that carry the genes (the hereditary material) |
cross-pollination | the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another |
DNA or DioxyriboNucleic Acid | a very large, complex protein molecule that forms a double-helix shape and is contained in the chromatin of cells. It forms the substance of genes |
dominant gene | a gene which produces its effect even though an opposite gene is present |
egg cell | a female reproductive cell in a plant or animal |
embryo | the undeveloped stage of a plant or animal |
evolution | a process of change in a certain direction. It is also a name for several scientific theories about how life began and developed on earth |
fertilization | the union of a male reproductive cell(sperm) and a female reproductive cell(egg) to form a cell that results in a new individual |
filament | the stalk of a stamen in a flower |
genes | the unit of DNA which carries inherited traits |
genetics | the scientific study of heredity, the passing on of the characteristics of living organisms from one generation to the next |
germination | a starting to grow or develop; a sprouting |
heredity | the passing on of the characteristics of living organisms from one generation to the next; it includes all of the traits inherited by an organism |
hybrid | the offspring resulting from a cross between two organisms differing in one or more genes |
incomplete dominance | a condition where neither gene is dominant so that an intermediate or blended hybrid is produces |
inherit | to receive something from an ancestor or parent; in the case of genetics, it is traits or characteristics |
mitosis | a process of cell reproduction whereby a single cell splits apart to form two new cells |
multiple genes | several genes which affect a trait |
mutation | a change in a gene; a mistake or misprint in the DNA molecule; in some cases, a loss or addition of an entire chromosome or part of it |
nucleus | the command center that controls the life and activity of the cell; it is located within the cytoplasm of the cell |
ovary | the female reproductive organ that produces egg cells |
ovule | part of a plant that develops into a seed |
pistil | the entire female part of a flower |
pollen | a powdery grain in the stamen that contains a sperm cell |
purebred | an organism having the same genes for a particular trait |
receptacle | the stalk which holds a flower |
recessive gene | a gene carried by the cells that does not show its trait as long as a dominant gene is present |