Question | Answer |
Element | The basic building blocks of matter
Combine to make other types of matter
Cannot be separated into parts by chemical means
ex: gold, found in nature |
Matter | Anything that has mass and occupies space |
Mass | The amount of matter in an object
Mass affects the weight of an object, but mass is not the same as weight
ex: mass never changes, weight does |
Graduated Cylinder | Use to find the volume of a liquid
Use to measure the volume of a solid object that fits in the cylinder and sinks in water |
Density | d=mass/volume g/cm3 (calculator)
The mass of a substance divided by its volume
Measure of the amount of matter in a given volume |
Neutron | No electrical charge - Neutral
A particle with no electrical charge in the nucleus of an atom |
Nucleus | Protons + Charge (positive)
Contains DNA which controls how the body grows and changes |
Rows | Elements are arranged in each row according to the number of protons
Larger atoms are on the right side of each row |
Symbol | Every element has a symbol of one, two, or three letters
Only the first letter of the symbol is capitalized |
Compound | A substance made up of a combination of two or more elements
Held together by chemical bonds that cannot be separated by physical means |
Physical Properties | Can be observed, described, and measured with tools
mass, volume, phase at room temp, hardness, crush ability, color, texture, odor, bendable, size, shape, able to be cut |
Chemical Properties | Describe how a material changes into another material
ex: wood into ashes, burn wood |
Balance | Tool to measure the mass of an item
Put the item on one side and add gram cubes to the other side until the 2 sides balance
Find the total mass of the gram cubes
Each gram cube has a mass of 1 gram |
Displacement | Occupation by a submerged body of a volume that would otherwise be occupied by a fluid |
Buoyancy | sink or float?
water = density 1.0
< 1 will float
> 1 will sink |
Proton | A positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom |
Periodic Table of Elements | Table displays chemical elements
Classifies and compares chemical behavior |
Columns | Columns of the table are arranged so that the elements in each column have similar chemical properties
You can predict the properties of an element if you know its column |
Element Number | Atomic number |
Chemical Formula | Shows how many atoms of each element are in the compound |
Metals | Metals such as gold silver copper iron & nickel are elements
Many metals are alloys or mixtures of elements
ex: Steel is a mixture of iron and carbon, Brass is a mixture of copper and zinc, Bronze is a mixture of metals, mostly copper and tin. |
Weight | Measure of the pull of gravity on an object
Measure objects weight in newtons |
Volume | l x w x h (metric ruler) cm3
displacement (grad cylinder) 1 ml = 1 cm3
amount of matter that it can hold
amount of space an object takes up |
Atom | The smallest particle of an element
Has all the properties of the element |
Electron | A negatively charged particle moving around the nucleus of an atom |
Element | One kind of atom, pure
The basic building blocks of matter
Cannot be separated into parts by chemical means |
Molecule | Made up of two or more different kinds of elements (atoms)
ex: Water - H2O (2) Hydrogen + (1) Oxygen
ex: Carbon Dioxide - CO2 (1) Carbon + (2) Oxygen |
Solubility | Dissoluability
solute + solvent |