Question | Answer |
steady state | homeostasis |
negative feedback loop | reverse |
positive feedback loop | enhances |
the left side of the illness/wellness continuum represents | pre-mature death |
the right side of illness/wellness continum represents | high level wellness |
the wellness side of the continuum incorporate | awarness
education
growth |
conditions that disrupt homeostasis are | age, genetics, physical/checmical agents, malnutrition, degeneration, pathogens, etc |
neurologic disruptions include | nerve impingement
nerve entrapment |
impingement is | nerve disrupted by structure or bone |
entrapment is | nerve disrupted by muscle or soft tissue |
mechanical disruption can include | compression
tension
torsion |
energy flow disruption occur when | energy stagnates (no energy flow) |
what risk factors can be controlled | lifestyle
stress |
what are biologic rhythms | heart rate, RR, digestion, CST, etc |
what are circadian rhythms | 24 hour clock, control internal functions, sleep |
what are ultradian rhythms | every 90 mins |
seasonal rhythms | occur yearly |
the central nervous system include | brain
spinal cord |
the peripheral nervous system includes | crainal nerves
spinal nerves |
what are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system | sympathetic
para-sympathic |
what is stress | dis-equalibrium
stain
tension |
who developed the general adaption syndrome | hans selye |
what hormones are most associated with the stress response | epinephine and cortisol |
dermatome | qutanisis sensation for spinal nerve sensation |
referral pain pattern | trigger points |
visceral referral patten | shin sensation from orgin in trouble |
strain | muscle tendon |
sprain | ligement tension injury |
postural imbalance | structure is out of alignment |
histamines | brings blood flow to area |
protaglandins | increase pain |
cytokines | sends message of fever, pain, etc |
pyrexia is known as | fever |
ischemia | no blood flow |
hypoxia | decrease oxygen to tissue |
OTC over the counter | available without prescription |
pharmacokinetics | study of drug movement of the drug through the body |
pharmacodynamics | study of drug actions on the cells of the body |
three stages of general adaption syndrome | alarm reaction
resistance reaction
exhaustion reaction |
what is considered a stressor | anything that stimulates for more stress |
the goals of inflammation are | dispose of pathogens
prevents the spread of pathogens
begins tissue healing |
redness and heat occur due to | increase blood flow |
swelling and pain occur due to | swelling-increase blood flow
pain-to much fluid |
what factors promote tissue healing | age, nutrition, hydration, blood flow, no infection, mobile |
what factors can a MT influence | blood flow |
how long should a MT wait before working on an area of tissue repair | 30-45 days |
adhesion | joined things that should not be joined (two things) |
what complications can occur as a result of scar formation or adhesion | decrease ROM
muscle spasm
adhesion
obstructions |
hypertonicity | increase tone in muscle |
retention of metabolites | waste products |
involuntary splinting | holding |
psychological manifestations | depression, anxiety, etc |
what methods can affect pain | enforims, seration, acupuncture, counter irration |
what is the placebo effect | attitude, confidence, environment |
what is entrainment | to drag with |
what factors must be present for state dependent memory to occur | sounds, movement, touch, smells |
how can a MT work with state dependent memory | be present |
soft tissue problems associated with mechanical disruption include | muscle strains, ligament sprains, fibrosis and adhesions, degenerative dysfunctions |
stage one | fight or flight |
stage one primary endocrine gland is | adrenal medula |
stage one primary hormone is | epinephrine |
stage two is known as | resistance stage |
stage two primary endocrine gland is | adrenal cortex |
stage two primary hormone is | cortisol |
stage three is known as | exhaustion |
stage three primary endocrine gland is | adrenal glands |
stage three primary hormone is | cortisol |
what hormones are most associated with stress response | epinephrine and cortisol |
what is tissue replacement | other cells are replaced |
replacement creates | scar tissue |
what is tissue regeneration | create the same cells |