Question | Answer |
moves water and minerals to the plant | xylem |
moves food to all plants parts | phloem |
where are most roots found? | underground |
What do roots suply for the plant? | water and minerals |
what holds plants in the soil? | roots |
Name a function of roots | they store food |
what are the cells covering a root called? | epidermis |
what helps roots get more water? | root hairs |
what does the root cap protect? | root tip |
what part of the root produces a slimy substance? | root cap |
what is a root system with one main root called? | taproot |
what is the name of the root system with several roots that are usually the same size? | fibrous root |
where are most stems found | above ground |
Stems __________ the plant. | support |
stems connect a plants ________ to its leaves | roots |
Stems move materials between the roots and _________. | shoots |
Some stems store ___________. | water |
what are stems that are soft thin and flexible called? | herbaceous stems |
Name a plant that has a herbaceous stem. | bean |
What are rigid stems made of wood and bark called? | woody stems |
What is the name of a ring of dark surrounding a ring of light cells in a woody stem? | growth ring |
What size and shape are leaves? | many shapes and sizes |
This captures energy from the sun | chloroplast |
leaves get this from air. | carbon dioxide |
this is made from carbon dioxide and water | food |
located under the cuticle | epidermis |
tiny opening that lets carbon dioxide enter the leaf | stomata |
stops water loss from a leaf | cuticle |
open and close the stomata | guard cell |
modifies leaves of cactus | sundew |
has leaves modified to catch insects | spines |
where a sundew gets nitrogen | insects |
Why do some plants have flowers? | to attract animals |
What protects flower buds? | sepals |
what parts of the flower are broad, leaflike, and attract animals? | petals |
the stigma, style, and ovary are parts of the _________. | pistil |
A fruit develops from the _______ | ovary |
The filament and anther are parts of the ___________. | stamen |
What is the male part of the flower called? | stamen |
what is the female part of the flower called? | pistil |
what part of a flower contains the ovules? | ovary |
One flower that can be eaten is.... | broccoli |
one flower that can be used to make is.... | chamomile |
one flower that can be used as a spice is... | cloves |
What makes plants green and captures energy from the sun? | chlorophyll |
What process do plants use to make food? | photosynthesis |
What is the name of the waxy layer that keeps plants from drying out? | cuticle |
What helps make the cell walls hard? | carbohydrates and proteins |
What lies beneath the cell wall? | cell membrane |
What is produced during the sporophyte stage? | spores |
What does a fertilized egg grow into? | sporophyte |
what is a flowering seed? | angiosperm |
does not have tissues for moving water and nutrients | nonvascular plant |
is a vascular plant that has no flowers | gymnosperms |
has specialized tissues for moving water and nutrients | vascular plants |
has both flowers and seed | angiosperms |
has seeds but no flowers | gymnosperms |
has vascular tissue but has no seeds | seedless vascular plant |
Green algae are not ________ | plants |
Green algae and plants have _________ _______ that are a lot alike | cell walls |
Green algae and plants might share common _________. | ancestors |
Green algae and plants both make food through _____________ | photosynthesis |
What are two groups of seedless plants? | nonvscular and vascular |
Where do nonvascular plants usually live? | damp places |
What helps mosses get water and nutrients? | rhizoids |
During the moss life cycle, what structure releases spores? | sporophyte |
During the moss life cycle, what do spores grow into? | gametophytes |
What are two stages of the moss life cycle called? | gametophyte and sporophyte |
what do the gametophyes of hornworts look like? | broad and flattened |
how do nonvascular plants help the soil? | reduce soil erosion |
How do animals use nonvascular plants? | for food and nesting material |
What can dried peat moss be used for? | fuel |
an underground stem | rhizome |
ferm leaves | fronds |
young frond | fiddlehead |
smaller than a fingernail | fern gametophyte |
horsetails feel gritty because of _______ | silica |
Silica is found in the ___________ of horsetails. | stems |
Plants that are about 20 cm tall and grow in woodlands are called ________ ___________ | club mosses |
club mosses are not actually __________ | mosses |
how do ferns, horsetails, and club mosses help the environment? | form soil |
What can horsetails be used for? | shampoo |
What fuel was formed by seedless plants that died 300 million years ago? | coal |