Question | Answer |
What is one way that scientists classify matter? | Composition |
What can all matter be classified as? | Mixtures, elements, or compounds. |
What are mixtures? | Two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other and can be separated by physical means. |
What do substances in a mixture retain? | Their individual properties. |
What are solutions? | A special kind of mixture where one substances dissolves in another. |
What are the two types of solutions? | Solutes and solvents. |
What is the universal solvent? | Water |
What are elements? | The simplest form of pure substances. |
How can elements be broken or changed into something else? | They cannot be broken into anything else by physical or chemical means. |
What are compounds? | Pure substances that are the unions of two or more elements |
What and how can compounds be broken into? | They can be broken into simpler substances by chemical means. |
What is a compound if it is not uniform throughout? | It is a heterogeneous mixture? |
What is a heterogeneous mixture considered? | It is considered the "least mixed". |
What is special about a heterogeneous mixture? | It is not the same throughout. |
What is special about the particles in a heterogeneous mixture? | The particals are large enough to be seen and to be separated from the mixture. |
What are examples of heterogeneous mixtures? | Sand, pebbles, oil, and water. |
What is a mixture that is uniform throughout? | A homogeneous mixture. |
Is a homogeneous mixture, well mixed or less mixed? | Well mixed. |
What are the particals like in a homogeneous mixture? | The particals are very small and not easily recognizable. |
What is a solution? | A homogeneous mixture formed when one substance dissolved in another. |
What are elements? | The simplest pure substance. |
Can an element be changed into a simpler substance? | An element can not be changed into a simpler substance by heating or any chemical process. |
What is the smallest part of an element? | An atom. |
When elements combine, what do they create? | A compound. |
What are atoms of the same element? | Alike. |
What are atoms of a different element? | Different. |
When was it created and what is the periodic table? | In 1813, a system of representing elements with symbols was introduced. |
What does each symbol consist of? | One or two letters. |
When are two letters needed for an element? | When the first letter of that element's name has already been used. |
What is sodium's letters? | Na |
What is chlorine's letters? | Cl |
What is hydrogen's letter? | H |
What is oxygen's letter? | O |
What is carbon's letter? | C |
What is nitrogen's letter? | N |
What are compounds also? | Pure substances. |
Why is water a compound? | Because it can be broken down into simpler substances- Oxygen and Hydrogen. |
How are chemical formulas constructed? | They are used by using the first letter of an element and it's subscript. |
What do subscripts show/represent in a chemical formula? | The number of atomic elements. |
Where is a subscript for a certain element located? | After the first element pertaining to the one before it. |
What if there is no subscript…..what does that mean for the element? | It means that it has only one of that element. |
What is salt's chemical formula? | NaCl |
What is water's chemical formula? | H2O |
What is sugar's chemical formula? | C6H12O6 |
What is oxygen gas's chemical formula? | O2 |
What is carbon dioxide's chemical formula? | CO2 |
What is nitrogen gas's chemical formula? | N2 |
What is the periodic table used for? | It is used to help people locate and understand the elements and what makes up things at the molecular level. |
What are the horizontal rows on the periodic table called? | Periods. |
What about the vertical rows on the periodic table? | Groups. |
How many vertical rows are there on the periodic table? | 18 |
Each vertical row has something in common; what does each vertical row share? | The same number of electron shells. |
How are the elements on the periodic table arranged? | They are arranged in order of increasing atomic numbers. |
What does the zigzag line on the periodic table mean? | It separates metals and nonmetals. |
What are metals according to the periodic table? | They are a major classification on the periodic table. |
Where are they located on the periodic table? | They are located on the left side for the periodic table. |
What are nonmetals according to the periodic table? | A major classification of elements generally located on the right side of the zigzag line on the period. |
Where are they located on the periodic table? | Generally located on the left side of the zigzag line on the periodic table. |
What are metal's specific properties? | Luster, conductors, malleable, ductile, and high density. |
What are nonmetal's specific properties? | Brittle, nonconductors, and dull. |