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HHS 2nd Sem Final
HHS Medical
Question | Answer |
---|---|
or/o | mouth |
stomat/o | mouth |
gloss/o | tongue |
lingu/o | tongue |
dent/o | teeth |
odont/o | teeth |
pharyn/o | pharynx |
esophagi/o | esophagus |
gastr/o | stomach |
append/o | appendix |
colon/o | colon |
col/o | colon |
-pepsia | digestion |
-phagia | swallowing, eating |
-rrhea | discharge,flow |
-emesis | vomitting |
-megaly | enlargement |
peri- | around |
arthr/o | joint |
myel/o | bone marrow; spinal cord |
oste/o | bone |
dactyl/o | fingers; toes |
brachi/o | arm |
cost/o | rib |
cephal/o | head |
muscul/o | muscle |
my/o | muscle |
chondr/o | cartilage |
pelv/o | pelvis |
ten/o | tendon |
tend/o | tendon |
stern/o | sternum |
tendin/o | tendon |
spondyl/o | vertebrae |
pod/o | foot |
orth/o | bone |
ankyl/o | stiffness; bent, crooked |
lord/o | curve, swayback |
Kal/i | potassium |
-cide | killing |
-genesis | forming, producing, origin |
-ism | condition |
-uria | urine |
retro- | backward, behind |
meat/o | opening, meatus |
ur/o | urine, urinary tract |
perine/o | perineum |
-spadias | slit, fissure |
olig/o | scanty |
epididym/o | epididymis |
sperm/o | spermatozoa, sperm cells |
colp/o | vagina |
hyster/o | uterus (womb) |
mamm/o | breast |
men/o | menstrual |
nat/o | birth |
oophor/o | ovary |
salping/o | tube |
-arche | beginning |
ante- | before, in front of |
primi- | first |
-gravida | pregnant woman |
-tocia | childbirth, labor |
post- | after |
adren/o | adrenal glands |
adrenal/o | adrenal glands |
calc/o | calculi |
thym/o | thymus gland |
kal/i | potassium |
toxic/o | poison |
crin/o | secrete |
gluc/o | sugar |
glyc/o | suagr |
home/o | same |
pancreat/o | pancreas |
hyper- | excessive |
-dipsia | thirst |
sprain | tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete |
carpal tunnel syndrome | Painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel(wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and the median nerve pass) |
amputation | partial or complete removal of an extremity due to trauma or circulatory disease |
strain | to exert physical force in a manner that may result in injury, usually muscular |
splinting | application of an orthopedic device to an injured body part for immobilizing, stabilization, and protection during the healing process |
casting | application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster of Paris or other material to a body part to immobilize it during the healing process |
bone grafting | implanting or transplanting bone tissue from another part of the body or form another person to serve as replacement for damaged or missing bone tissue |
bone density tests | radiographic procedures that use low-energy x-ray absorption to measure bone mineral density (BMD) |
rickets | form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency; also called rachitis |
fracture | a broken bone |
muscular dystrophy | a genetic diease characterized by gradual atrophy and weakening of muscle tissue |
contracture | fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint |
crepitation | Dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction |
arthritis | inflammation of a joint |
spondylosis | Any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it |
sequestrum | Fragment of necrosed bone that has become seperated from surrounding tissue |
osteophyte | Bony outgrowth that occasionally develops on the vertebra |
phantom limb | Perceived sensationm following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists |
claudication | lameness, limping |
exacerbation | Increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms |
spinal curvature | any persistent, abnormal deviation of the vertebral column form its normal position may cause an abnormal spinal curvature |
arthroscopy | visual examination of a joint |
anuria | absense of urine production or urinary output |
frequency | voiding urine at frequent intervals |
nocturia | excessive or frequent urination after going to bed |
aspermia | failure to form or ejaculate semen |
epispadias | malformation in which the urethra opens on the dorsum of the penis |
erectile dysfunction | Repeated inability to initiate or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse |
sterility | Inability to produce offspring; in the male, inability to fertilize the ovum |
testicular self-examination | Self-examination of the testes for abnormal lumps or swellings in the scrotal sac |
semen analysis | Test that analyzes a semen sample for volume, sperm count, motility, and morphology, to evaluate fertility or verify sterilization after a vasectomy |
urinalysis | Battery of tests performed on a urine specimen, including physical observation, chemical tests, and microscopic evaluation |
dialysis | Medical procedure used to filter toxic substances from the patient's bloodstream, such as excess electrolytes and nitrogenous wastes |
vasectomy | Excision of all or a segment of the vas deferens |
orchidectomy | Removal of one or both testes |
circumcision | Removal of all or part of the foreskin, or prepuce, of the penis |
benign prostatic hyperplasia | As the prostate gland enlarges, it decreases the urethral lumen, and complete voiding of urine becomes difficult |
hesitancy | Involuntary delay in initiating urination |
dysuria | Painful or difficult urination, commonly describes as a "burning sensation" while urinating |
hypospadias | Developmental anomaly in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis or, in extreme cases, on the perineum |
polycitic kidney disease | Inherited disease in which sacs of fluid called cysts develop in the kidneys |
ultrasound | radiograph that uses high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) and displays the reflected echoes on a monitor; also called sonography, echography, or echo |
aspermia | failure to form or ejaculate semen |
acromegaly | chronic metabolic disorder characterized by a gradual, marked enlargement and thickening of the bones of the face and jaw |
diuresis | increased formation and secretion of urine |
glucagon | hormone secreted by the pancreatic alpha cells |
virile | masucline or having characteristics of a man |
virilism | masculinization in a woman or development of male secondary sex characteristics in the woman |
insulinoma | tumor of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas |
thyroid scan | After injection of a radioactive substance, a scanner detects radioactivity and visualizes the thyroid gland |
pinealectomy | removal of the pineal body |
total calcium | test that measures calcium to detect bone and parathyroid disorders |
fasting blood glucose | test that measures blood glucose levels after a 12-hour fast |
hypercalcemia | excessive amount of calcium in the blood |
BM | bowel movement |
GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
LFT | liver function test |
NG | nasogastric |
IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
ACL | anterior cruciate ligament |
CTS | carpal tunnel syndrome |
DJD | degenerative joint disease |
EMG | electromyography |
C&S | culture and sensitivity |
CT | computed tomography |
Cath | chatheterization; catheter |
K | potassium |
Na | sodium |
UA | urinalysis |
UTI | urinary tract infection |
GYN | gynecology |
BSE | breast self-examination |
CA | cancer; chronological age; cardiac arrest |
LBW | low birth weight |
IVF | in vitro fertilization |
LH | lutenizing hormone |
GH | growth hormone |
TFT | thyroid function test |
RAI | radioactive iodine |
HRT | hormone replacement therapy |
MS | mitral stenosis; musculoskeletal; multiple sclerosis; mental status; magnesium sulfate |
ROM | range of motion |
MG | myasthenia gravis |
RA | rheumatoid arthritis; right atrium |
-malacia | softening |
-asthenia | weakness, debility |
syn- | union, together, joined |
-clasia | to break; surgical fracture |
-clast | to break |
cyst/o | bladder |
nephr/o | kidney |
urther/o | urethra |
Andr/o | male |
test/o | testis |
-cyesis | pregnancy |
primi- | first |
ante- | before, in front of |
anorexia | lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the ability to eat |
appendicitis | inflammation of the appendix, usually due to obstruction or infection |
peptic ulcer disease | develops in the parts of the GI tract that are exposed to hydrochloric acid and pepsin, an enzyme secreted in the stomach that begins the digestion of proteins. |
colic | Spasm in any hollow or tubular soft organ especially in the colon, accompanied by pain |
borborygmus | rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine |
dyspepsia | epigastric discomfort felt after eating; also called indigestion |
dysphagia | inability or difficulty in swallowing; also called aphagia |
eructation | Producing gas from the stomach, usually with a characteristic sound; also called belching |
flatus | Gas in the GI tract; expelling of air from a body orifice, especially the anus |
halitosis | offensive, or "bad", breath |
hematemesis | Vomitting of blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus |
irritable bowel syndrome | Symptom complex marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function (typically constipation, diarrhea, or alternating constipation and diarrhea) for which no organic cause can be determined; also called spastic colon. |
endoscopy | visual examination of a cavity or canal using a flexible fiberoptic instrument called an endoscope |
stool culture | Test to identify microorganisms or parasites present in feces |
barium swallow | radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine following oral administration of barium sulfate (contrast medium); also called esophagram and upper GI series |
amniocentesis | Transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance using a needle and syringe to remove amniotic fluid |
intrauterine device | Plastic or metal object placed inside the uterus to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterine lining |
episiotomy | Incision of the perineum from the vaginal orifice usually done to prevent tearing of the tissue and to facilitate childbirth |
laparoscopy | Visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall, usually at the umbilicus |
mastectomy | excision of the entire breast |
hysterectomy | excision of the uterus |
gravida | pregnant woman |
lumpectomy | Excision of a small primary breast tumor and some of the normal tissue that surrounds it |
mammography | Radiographic examination of the breast to screen for breast cancer |
dyspareunia | occurence of pain during sexual intercourse |
corpus luteum | Ovarian scar tissue that results from rupturing of a follicle during ovulation and becomes a small yellow body that produces progesterone after ovulation |
viable | Capable of sustaining life; denotes a fetus sufficiently developed to live outside of the uterus |
multipara | Woman who has delivered more than one viable infant |
colposcopy | Visual examination of the vagina and cervix with an optical magnifying instrument(colposcope) |
dilation and curettage | Widening of the cervical canal with a dilator and scraping of the uterine endometrium with a curette |