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Earth's Water
Advanced World Geography
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, Southern | The five oceans |
Water becomes vapor | Evaporation |
Moisture released from trees and plants | Transpiration |
Water vapor becomes clouds | Condensation |
Clouds become heavy and release rain, sleet, snow, or hail | Precipitation |
The study of seas and oceans | Oceanography |
Scientists who study the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the seas and oceans | Oceanographers |
Using sound to measure depth or to find objects in the water; so(und) na(vigation) and r(anging) | Sonar |
What is one reason oceanographers use sonar? | They can map parts of the ocean floor that are too dark to see |
Gently sloping edge of a continent covered by water; extends to the continental slope; mad of same rock as continent | Continental shelf |
A steep slope on the ocean floor b/w continental shelf and the continental rise | Continental slope |
a gentle slope on the ocean made of sediment; located b/w the steep continental slope and flat abyssal plain | Continental rise |
the region of the ocean floor b/w the coast and the sudden drop-off to the deep ocean floor; includes the continental shelf, rise and slope | Continental margin |
beyond continental margin, the somewhat flat area of the ocean floor containing abyssal plain, mid-ocean ridge, trenches, seamounts, underwater volcanoes | Ocean basin |
flat plains on the ocean floor | Abyssal plains |
underwater volcanic mountain chain | Mid-ocean ridge |
deep, narrow ocean valleys | Trenches |
begins as a seamount, then rises above ocean as melted rock accmulates | Volcanic island |
a valley in the mid-ocean ridge | Rift valley |
a mountain below the waves | Seamount |
a flat seamount | Guyot |
fountains of very hot water that spew from cracks or rifts in the ocean floor, heated by magma | Thermal vents |
temperature decreases, pressure increases, and light decreased as... | Depth of the ocean increases |
Sunlight zone Twilight zone Midnight zone | Three zones of the ocean |
Euphotic zone (contains 90% of all marine life) | Sunlight zone |
disphotic zone | Twilight zone |
aphotic zone, no light, high pressure, freezing temperatures | Midnight zone |
What is the most abundant form of life on eart | Plankton |
What are plankton so important to us? | They supply 75% of the oxygen we breathe and plankton that have been compressed at the floor of the ocean for millions of years form oil |
movement of water from the oceans to the air, to the ground, and finally back to the oceans | Hydrologic Cycle |
drives the hydrologic cycle | Sun |
area near the surface where groundwater and air collect in gaps in the soil | Zone of aeration |
zone where all gaps in the soil and rock fill with water | Zone of saturation |
area b/w the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation | Water table |
existence of impure, unclean or poisonous substances in the environment | Pollution |
polluted rain or snow caused by burning fossil fuel | Acid rain |
deepest spot in the ocean; located in the Mariana Trench | Challenger Deep |
How does air temperature relate to moisture? | Warm, less dense air holds more water vapor; as air cools is drops the water |
What forms as a result of condensation? | Clouds |
The total volume of water in the hydrologic cycle remains... | Constant |
What happens to half of the waste products produced in the US? And How does this lead to pollution of the water supply? | Half of the waste is dumped into water bodies and becomes part of the hydrologic cycle |
Agricultural runoff, carbon waste, nuclear waste, industrial waste | Forms of pollution that affect the water cycle |