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MT Short Course Ch 2
Organization of the Body - Divisions and roots
Question | Answer |
---|---|
circulatory system | heart, blood, blood vessels to circulate blood to transport oxygen, nutrients, etc. |
lymphatic system | lymph vessels and nodes. Delivers lymph fluids pertains highly to immunity |
digestive system | from mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, gallbladder, liver, to anus. Processes food. |
endocrine system | composed of glands that send chemical messengers (hormones) into the blood to act on other glands and organs. eg. pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal, etc. |
reproductive system | produces cells that join to form the embryo. Male: testis Female: ovary |
musculoskeletal system | bones, ligaments, tendons, muscles to allow the body to move |
nervous system | brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves carries electrical messages |
respiratory system | trachea, bronchi, lungs controls breathing |
skin and sense organs | receive messages from the environment and deliver to the brain |
urinary system | kidney, ureters, bladder, urethra - filters and excretes urine |
cranial cavity | contains brain, pituitary gland - in the skull |
spinal cavity | contains spinal cord |
thoracic cavity | in the chest contains heart and lungs |
abdominal cavity | below the diaphragm contains stomach, liver, gallbladder, intestines |
pelvic cavity | below abdominal cavity contains bladder, uterus in females, rectum and anus |
cervical spine | neck region - 7 bones (remember breakfast at 7) |
thoracic spine | chest region - 12 bones (remember lunch at 12) |
lumbar spine | loin or waist region - 5 bones (remember supper at 5) |
sacrum or sacral | 5 fused bones |
coccyx | tailbone - 4 fused bones |
frontal plane | up and down division creating front and back portions |
sagittal (lateral) plane | up and down division creating right and left portions (if midsagittal - equal portions) |
transverse plane (axial) | horizontal division creating top and bottom portions |
abdomin/o | abdomen |
anter/o | front |
bronch/o | bronchial tubes (leads from windpipe to lungs) |
cervic/o | neck of the body or neck of the cervix(uterus) |
chondro/o | cartilage |
coccyx/o | coccyx, tailbone |
crani/o | skull |
epitheli/o | skin, surface tissue |
esophag/o | esophagus (tube from throat to stomach) |
hepat/o | liver |
lapar/o | abdomen |
laryng/o | larynx |
later/o | side |
lumb/o | loin (waist) |
lymph/o | lymph (clear tissue spaces and lymph vessels) |
mediastin/o | mediastinum (space between the lungs) |
pelv/o | pelvis (bones of the hip) |
peritone/o | peritoneum (membrane surrounding the abdomen) |
pharyng/o | pharynx (throat) |
pleur/o | pleura (covering around the lungs) |
poster/o | back, behind |
sacr/o | sacrum (fives fused bone in the low back) |
spin/o | spine (backbone) |
thorac/o | chest |
trache/o | trachea (windpipe) |
vertebr/o | vertabra (bone of the backbone) |
Regions (9) | Right hypochondriac; epigastric; left hypochondriac; right lumbar; umbilical; left lumbar; right inguinal; hypogastric; left inguinal |
Quadrants (4) | RUQ; LUQ; RLQ; LLQ |