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APES action verbs
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Define | give the precise meaning of a word or phrase as concisely as possible |
draw | represent by means of pencil lines (add labels unless told not to do so) |
list | give a sequence of names or other brief answers with no elaboration, each one clearly separated from the others |
measure | find a value for a quantity |
state | give a specific name, value or other brief answer (no supporting argument or calculation is necessary) |
annotate | add brief notes to a diagram, drawing, or graph |
apply | use an idea, equation, principle, theory, or law in a new situation |
calculate | find an answer using mathematical methods (show the working unless instructed not to do so) |
compare | give an account of similarities and differences between two (or more) items, referring to both (all) of them throughout (comparisons can be given using a table) |
describe | give a detailed account, using all the relevant information |
distinguish | give the differences between two or more unknown items |
estimate | find an approximate value for an unknown quantity based on the information provided and scientific knowledge |
identify | find an answer from a number of possibilities |
outline | give a brief account or summary (include essential information) |
analyse | interpret data to reach conclusions |
construct | represent or develop in graphical form |
deduce | reach a conclusion from the information give |
derive | manipulate a mathematical equation to give a new equation or result |
design | produce a plan, object, stimulation, or model |
determine | find the only possible answer |
discuss | give an account including, where possible, a range of arguments, assessments of the relative importance of various factors or comparisons of alternative hypotheses |
evaluate | assess the strength, limitations, and implications |
explain | give a clear account including causes, reasons, or mechanisms |
justify | defend a viewpoint with a reasoned argument |
predict | give an expected result |
solve | obtain an answer using algebraic and/or numerical methods |
suggest | propose a hypothesis or other possible answer |