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Astronomy:Chapter 2

Chapter 2 vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
spectrum the band of color produced when white light passes through a prism
apparent magnitude the brightness of a star as seen from the Earth
absolute magnitude the brightness that a star would have at a distance of 32.6 light-years from Earth
light-year the distance that light travels in one year; about 9.5 trillion kilometers
parallax an apparent shift in the position of an object when viewed from different locations
continous spectrum shows all colors
red giant a large, reddish star late in its life cycle
white dwarf a small, hot, dim star that is the leftover center of an old star
H-R diagram Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, a graph that shows the relationship between a star's surface temperature and absolute magnitude
main sequence the location of the H-R diagram where most stars lie
supernova a gigantic explosion in which a massive star collapses and throws its outer layers into space
neutron star a star that has collapsed under gravity to the point that the electrons and protons have smaghed together to form neutrons
pulsar a rapidly spinning neutron star that emits rapid pulses of radio and optical energy
black hole an object so massive and dense that even light cannot escape its gravity
galaxy a collection of stars, dust, and gas bound together by gravity
nebula a large cloud of dust and gas
globular cluster a tight group of stars that looks like a ball and contains up to 1 million stars
open cluster a group of stars that are close together relative to surrounding stars
quasars a very luminous, starlike object that generates energy at a high rate; quasars are thought to be the most distant objects in the universe
cosmology the study of hte origin, properties, processes and evolution of the universe
big bang theory the theory that states the universe began with a tremendous explosion 13.7 billion years ago
Created by: tclendaniel
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