Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BIO 234 Amy Does L9
Lecture 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define life characteristics of viruses | They are obligate intracellular parasites |
| Define metabolism characteristics of viruses | have few or no enzymes for metabolism, cannot synthesize proteins on their own |
| What is the source of ATP for viruses | V. cannot generate ATP on their own so they utilize ATP of host cell |
| Define replication characteristics of viruses | multiply inside living cells by using the synthesizing machinery of the cell. |
| Do viruses have DNA or RNA? | Virus have a single type of nucleic acid: either DNA or RNA (but not both) |
| What surrounds the nucleic acid of a virus? | Viruses have a protein coat surrounding the nucleic acid |
| How do viruses transfer nucleic acid to other cells? | They cause the synthesis of specialized strutures that can transfer the viral nucleic acid to other cells. |
| Are viruses alive? | Maybe..... or maybe not. Consensus in the scientific community has not been reached. |
| Which are larger bacteria or virus? | The largest virus is about 1/5th the size of the smallest bacteria. |
| Is viral DNA or RNA single or double stranded | nucleic acid: can be single or double stranded DNA or RNA |
| What surrounds the DNA/RNA of a virus | A capsid made of protein |
| What surrounds the capsid of a virus | An envelope surrounds the capsid of the virus |
| What is the function of the capsid surrounding a virus. | It may aid in attachment to host cell. |
| What is the determning factor for host selection by a virus? | Host range is dependent on ability of outside of virus to bind to host cell. |
| Some viruses have spikes on their exterior. What are they used for, what do they tell you about the virus, and can they change in any way? | An example is influenza virus. involved in attachment. determine viral strain. Can mutate so can get new kind of flu (you're not immune to the new spikes). |
| Viruses are classified based on...... | Type of nucleic acid, presence or absence of envelope, shape, and size |
| Are Viruses known by latin names? | No. Viruses are not given Latin genus and species names but are referred to by their common English name. |
| What are the common viral shapes? | Helical, polyhedral, complex |
| What is the lytic life cycle of T-even phage | Infecting v.stays outside cell. Attaches, injects nucleic acid into host. Sheath contracts like a syringe to make this happen. Phage DNA directs synthesis of v. compnts by cell. The compnts are assembled into virons and host cell lyses to release virons |
| Development of new phage Define Burst time | The time from attachment to host to release of new phage |
| Development of new phage. Define Placque. | a clear zone in a bacterial lawn caused by infection with bacteriophage. |
| Development of new phage. Define Plaque Assay | A way to estimate number of phage in a solution by diluting the solution, mixing the dilutions with bacteria and warm N.A. , incubating and observing formation of plaques. Each plaque that develops (a clearing in the lawn) is derived from a single phage. |
| What are the two ways viruses can replicate? | Lysogeny and latency |
| Define the lytic life cycle for viruses. | Phage DNA is injected into the host. The DNA stays separate from the host cells chromosome. The phage DNA circularizes and directs the production of new phage. |
| Difine lysogenic life cycle for viruses | V. DNA integrates into chromo. host cell. If V. is a phage then inserted DNA (prophage). Lysogenic bact. live & reprod. norm. Sometimes prophage DNA is excised chrom. If so lytic cycle starts. Phage is assemb. and cell breaks open to release virus |
| Bacteriophage infect animal cells. (T/F) | F. Bacteriophage do not infect animal cells but they can affect human health. |
| What is transduction? | Sometimes bits of the host cell DNA are excised along with the prophage. These host cell genes may be packages along with viral DNA inside the capsid. This is called transduction. |
| What purpose does transduction serve? | It is one way that genes for antibiotic resistance might be passed from bacterium to bacterium. |
| T or F. Lysogenic bacteriophage can also encode toxins, capsules and other factors that determine the pathogenicity of the bacteria they infect | True |
| What is a latent virus? | Some animal V. go thru a process similar to lysogeny. They lie dormant for long periods without multiplying or causing disease. Ex. herpes viri cause cold sores. When immune sys. challenged reappear in spot Lat. V. starts to reproduce |
| List two latent viruses, one eradicated and one currentlyin the news | Chickenpox, and AIDS |
Created by:
lkforney