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History Exam Vocab.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| nomad | a traveler who travels to oasis to oasis in search of food and water |
| Arab | nomads that speak Arabic |
| tribe | families who travel together and form groups |
| idol | stsatues to represent religious gods |
| kabah | square shaped shrine in which Abraham and Ishmael built |
| Abu Bakr | Muhammad's successor and father-in-law who became caliph for two years until he died at age 61 |
| caliph | Term used for the successor of Muhammad and political and military leader of Islam and was not considered a prophet |
| Shiites | A branch of Islam that believes that only relatives of Muhammad's to be his successor therefore Ali, not Abu Bakr, should have been his first successor (Shiites means "Party of Ali") |
| imam | "divinely guided" successor of Muhammad |
| Sunni | They do not believe imam to be divinely guided, believe in elected caliphs, believe all Muslims can be related to Muhammad, follow the Sunna |
| Muhammad | the prophet of God |
| Qur'an | written words that the angel Gabriel told Muhammad |
| monotheism | belief in one god |
| Allah | the Muslim word for "God" |
| Islam | a religion that believes in Allah |
| hadith | collection of things Muhammad did and said |
| Sunna | the hadith and Qur'an together |
| Medina | the place in which Muhammad fled to when he was rejected by Mecca - first place to accept Islam |
| 5 pillars | 1) No God but Muhammad and his prophet 2) prayer 5 times a day (washing facing the kabah) 3) alms for the poor 4) fast during Ramadan 5) Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) |
| Muslim | People who follow the Islam religion |
| Jihad | means struggle (the struggle to resist tempation and evil |
| Seljuk Turks | nomadic Turks from central Asia who conquered the Muslim Empire and ruled in Islamic tradition |
| Cordoba | capital of muslim kingdom and was the center or trade and culture and by 1000, was the most populated city with 450,000 people |
| Ferdinand (of Aragon) and Isabelle (of Castile) | Both had a lot of power so when they got married, they expelled all Muslims from Spain |
| Mongols | People from central Asia who with the Tartars founded a great empire - Their empire flourished between 1200-1500 |
| steppe | Treeless plains in central Asia which has winters that are freezing and scorching summers |
| yurt | Tents that were made of felt and easy tot transport |
| clan | Patrilineal family groups in which people were related by kinship and made of 3,4, or 5 generations |
| Genghis Khan | Fled to Mogolia when his father was murdered and in 1206 AD elected khan - he shaped the Mongol army and helped make communications with a written language for soldiers |
| Kublai Khan | Grandson of Genghis who ruled 1260-1294 - under his reign, culture flourished and the empire reached zenith during his reign |
| Constantinople | was the great market, one could find all kinds of goods, 3000-4000 shops |
| Chief Osman | a ghazi that conquered and united various lands in Asia Minor around 1326 AD |
| sultan | ruler of the Ottoman Empire |
| Istanbul | Capital of the Ottoman empire after Constantinople and had a growing population of 200,000 and was the main trading center of rare beauty |
| Suleiman | In his reign the empire reached Hungary, north Egypt, Algeria, and Mesopotamia |
| Sultan Mahmud of Ghazna | Believed that Allah, through Muhammad, wanted him to invade India so from 997-1030 he invaded India 17 times to get their resources |
| Himalayas | fertile plains south of the mountains |
| Ganges and Indus Rivers | Their valleys were the richest in the world |
| Babur | Related to Genghis Khan and in 1527 he defeated the Rajputs - he was well-educated and well liked and built a new Mongol-like empire in northern India |
| Mughal Empire | Babur's empire and Mughal means Mongol in Indian-Persian |
| Akbar | He reigned for 49 years from 1556-1605 and during his reign, he expanded the empire to north and central India and Afghanistan - he developed his own religion, split the empire into provinces, and set the tax system - grandson of Babur |
| Shah Jahan | Ruled 1628-1658 and brought Mughal laws with Muslim laws and created the Taj Mahal |
| Taj Mahal | A tomb for Shah Jahan's wife who died in childbirth with her 14th child - it took 22 years and 22,000 workers to complete |
| Han Dynasty - 206 BC - 220 AD | Chinese culture thrived, even for women before it fell in 220 AD when nomadic horsemen took power of it - after it fell chaos ensued for 360 years |
| Confucianism | When the roles of men and women were further separated - RESPECT FOR ELDERS, RESPONSIBILITY TO DUTIES, CIVIL SERVICE, STRING FAMILY LIFE |
| Buddhism | Originated around 530 BC by silk traders - the philosophy teaches to escape suffering by desiring nothing through serious meditation and by 400, most regional kings accepted Buddhism |
| Yang Jian | He was a Buddhist emperor who reunited the Chihnese empire by seizing power and declaring himself emperor and his empire was the Sui Dynasty - built the new capital at Changan and encouraged Daoism |
| Great Wall | Yangdi rebuilt it in 607 and it was made to protect China's farms from nomadic horseman |
| Jimmu | Ninigi's grandson |
| Shinto | A religion in Japan that revolved around nature |
| Yoritomo | Leader of Minamoto who was goven the name "shogun" |
| shogun | meaning "great general" |
| samurai | Warriors |
| Kamakaze | "divine wind" |
| Zen | Form of Buddhism that believes in relaxation and nature |
Created by:
cknipp
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