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gcse science C4 - A
specific for ocr gateway additonal science B.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is an alkali? | a base which dissolves in water |
| what is the word equation for neutralisation? | acid + base - salt + water |
| which three compounds neutralise acids? | -metal oxides -metal hydroxides -carbonates |
| what is the word equation for metal oxides or metal hydroxides neutralising acids? | acid + oxide - salt + water |
| what is the word equation for carbonates neutralising acids? | acid + oxide - salt + water + carbon dioxide |
| what is a salt made from? | part of a base and part of an acid |
| how do you work out the name of a salt? | -the first part of the base goes to the first part of the salt the second part of the acid goes to the second part of the salt -the remaining parts join to make water |
| example of a word equation? | sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid - sodium chloride + water |
| example of a balanced symbol equation? | NaCl + NaOH - NaCl + H20 |
| what type of salt is made from nitric acid? | nitrate |
| what type of salt is made from hydrochloric acid? | chloride |
| what type of salt is made from sulfuric acid? | sulphate |
| what ions does an acid solution contain? | hydrogen ions, H+, which are responsible for the reactions of an acid |
| what ions does an alkali solution contain? | hydroxide ions, OH- |
| what happens when an acid neutralises an alkali? | the hydrogen ions react with the hydroxide ions to make water |
| what is the symbol equation to show the neutralisation between acid and alkali solutions? | H+ + OH- - H20 |
| what does the pH scale show? | how acidic or alkaline a substance is |
| what numbers do acids have on the pH scale? | 1-6 |
| what number does neutral solutions have on the pH scale? | 7 |
| what numbers do alkalis have on the pH scale? | 8-14 |
| what number does a strong acid have on the pH scale? | 1 |
| what colour on the pH scale is a strong acid? | red |
| what number does a strong alkali have on the pH scale? | 14 |
| what colour on the pH scale is a strong alkali? | blue/purple |
| what does universal indicator solution measure? | the acidity of a solution |
| how do you use universal indicator solution? | -few drops are added to the test solution -the colour of the solution is compared to a standard colour chart |
| what happens when you add an alkali to an acid? | -the pH at the start is low -the pH rises as the alkali neutralises the acid. when neutral, the pH = 7 -when more alkali is added, the pH rises above 7 |
| what happens when you add an acid to an alkali? | -the pH at the start is high -the pH falls as the acid neutralises the alkali. when neutral, the pH = 7 -when more acid is added the pH falls below 7 |
Created by:
jirwin
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