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CMW Chp 8
Chapter 8 Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adware | Program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window on web pages, e-mail, or other internet services |
| Anti-spam Programs | Program that attempts to remove spam before it reaches a user’s inbox |
| Antivirus Program | Program that protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, on storage media, or on incoming files |
| BIOS | Basic Input/output System; firmware that contains the computer’s startup instructions |
| Cold Boot | Process of turning on a computer that has been powered off completely |
| Command-line Interface | Type of user interface in which a user types commands or presses special keys on the keyboard |
| Compressed Files/Zipped | |
| Computer Virus | A segment of self-replicating code planted illegally in a computer program, often to damage or shut down a system or network |
| Cross Platform | Program that runs the same on multiple operating systems |
| Defragmentating | Reorganizing a disk so that the files are stored in contiguous sectors, thus speeding up disk access and the performance of the entire computer |
| Diagostic Utility | Utility program that compiles technical information about a computer’s hardware and certain system software programs and then prepares a report outlining any identified problems |
| Disk Defragmenter | Utility that reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster |
| Disk Scanner | Utility that searches for and removes unnecessary files |
| DOS | Disk Operating System |
| Driver | Small program that tells an operating system how to communicate with a specific device |
| Encryption/Decryption | Process of converting readable data into unreadable characters to prevent unauthorized access |
| Fault Tolerant Computer | Computer that has duplicate components so it can continue to operate when one of its main components fail |
| File Manager | Utility that performs functions related to file management |
| Filters | Audio edition software feature designed to enhance audio quality |
| Folder | Specific named location on a storage medium that contains related documents |
| Graphic User Interface (GUI) | Type of user interface that allows a user to interact with software using text, graphics, and visual images, such as icons |
| Kernel | The core of an operating system that manages memory and devices, maintains the computer’s clock, starts programs, and assigns the computer’s resources |
| Malware | Short for malicious software; programs that act without a user’s knowledge and deliberately alter a computer’s operations |
| Memory Resident | Remaining in memory while a computer is running |
| Network Administrator | Employee who configures, installs, and maintains LANs, WANs, intranets, and Internet systems; identifies and resolves connectivity issues |
| Nonresident | Instructions that remain on a hard disk until they are needed |
| Operating System | Set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware devices |
| Password | Private combination of characters associated with a user name that allows access to certain computer resources |
| Performance Monitor | Operating system program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices |
| Phishing | Scam in which a perpetrator sends an official looking e-mail that attempts to obtain your personal and financial information |
| Platform | Set of programs containing instructions that coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources |
| Pop-up Blocker | Filtering program that stops pop-up ads from displaying on web pages |
| Screen Saver/Ghosting | Utility program that causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no mouse activity occurs for a specific time |
| Shortcut | Icon on the desktop that provides a user with immediate access to a program or file |
| Single User/Multitasking | In reference to an operating system, allowing a single user to work on two or more programs that reside in memory at the same time |
| Single User/Single Tasking | In reference to an operating system allowing only one user to run one program at a time |
| Spyware | Program places on a computer without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user |
| System Software | Software that serves as the interface between the user, the app software, and the computer’s hardware |
| Trojan Horse | Malicious-logic program names after the Greek myth that hides within or looks like a legitimate program |
| User Interface | The portion of software that defines how a user interacts with a computer, including how the user enters data an instructions and how information is displayed on the screen |
| USer Name | Unique combination of characters, such as letters of the alphabet and/or numbers, that identifies a specific user |
| Utility Program | Type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs |
| Virtual Memory | A portion of a storage medium, usually the hard disk, that the operating system allocates to function as additional RAM |
| Warm Boot Worm | Process of using the operating to restart a computer |
| Worm | Malicious-logic program that copies itself repeatedly, using up system resources and possibly shutting down the system |
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