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EOC Geography
EOC Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Physical Feature | landforms and bodies of water attached to the earth. |
| Equator | imaginary lines that divides the northern and southern hemisphere. |
| Globe | three dimensional representation of the earth. |
| Physical Map | map that shows the types of landforms and bodies of water found in a specific area. |
| Compass Rose | a design on a map that shows directions. |
| Latitude | set of imaginary lines that run parallel to the equator; and that are used in locating places north or south. |
| Longitude | a set of imaginary lines that go around the earth over the oles, dividing it east and west. |
| Political Map | map that shows boundaries. |
| Tectonic Plates | an enormous moving shelf that forms the earth's crust. |
| Climate | term for weather conditions at a particular location over a long period of time. |
| Weather | the condition of the atmosphere at a particular location and time. |
| Ring of fire | the chain of volcanoes that lines the Pacific Rim. |
| Weathering | physical and chemical processes that change the characteristics of rock on or near the earth's surface, occurring slowly over many years. |
| Tsunami | a giant ocean wave, caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption, with great destructive power. |
| Precipitation | falling water droplets in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. |
| Tornado | a powerful funnel-shaped column of spiraling air. |
| Tundra | the flat treeless lands forming a ring around the Arctic Ocean; the climate region of the Arctic Ocean. |
| Permafrost | permanently frozen ground. |
| Coniferous | another word for needleleaf trees. |
| Deciduous | a named characteristic of broadleaf trees, such as maple, oak, birch, and cottonwood. |
| Gaza Strip | a territory along the Mediterranean Sea just northeast of the Sinai Peninsula; part of the land set aside for Palestinians, which was occupied by Israel in 1967. |
| Steppe | the term used for the termperate grassland region in the Northern Hemisphere. |
| Rainforest | a forest region located in the Tropical Zone with a heavy concentration of different species of broadleaf trees. |
| Taiga | a nearly continuous belt of evergreen coniferous forests across the Northern Hemisphere, in North America and Eurasia. |
| Hurricane | a storm that forms over warm, tropical ocean waters. |
| Region | an area of the earth's surface with similar characteristics. |
| Culture | the total of knowledge attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by members of a group. |
| Ethnic Group | a group of people who share language, customs, and a common heritage. |
| Genocide | the deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, racial, political, or cultural group. |
| Nationalism | the belief that people should be loyal to their nation, the people with whom they share land, culture, and history. |
| Colonialism | the control or governing influence of a nation over a dependent country, territory, or people. |
| Hinduism | the dominant religion of India. |
| Buddhism | a religion that originated in India about 500 B.C. and spread to China, where it grew into a major religion by A.D. 400. |
| Islam | a monotheistic religion based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad, and the biggest cultural and religious influence in North Africa. |
| Judaism | the monotheistic religion of the Jews, uses the Torah as their holy book. |
| Confucianism | a movement baased on the teachings of Confucius, a Chinese philosopher who lived about 500 B.C.; Confucius stressed the importance of education in an ordered society in which one respects one's elders and obeys the government. |
| NATO | an organization formed in Washington, D.C. (1949), comprising the 12 nations of the Atlantic Pact together with Greece, Turkey, and the Federal Republic of Germany, for the purpose of collective defense against aggression. |
| EU | an association of European nations formed in 1993 for the purpose of achieving political and economic stability. Turkey is one country who has never been accepted into the EU. |
| ASEAN | the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, an alliance that promotes economic growth and peace in the region. |
| League of Arab Nations | formed in 1945 in an attempt to give political expression to the Arab nations. |
| Genocide | the deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, racial, political, or cultural group. |
| Kashmir | a region of northern India and Pakistan over which several destructive wars have been fought. |
| Natural Resource | a material on or in the earth, such as a tree, fish, or coal, that has economic value. |
| Fossil Fuels | any combustible organic material, as oil, coal, or natural gas, derived from the remains of former life. |
| Infrastructure | the basic support systems needed to keep an economy going, including power, communications, transportation, water, sanitation, and education systems. |
| Landlocked | having no direct access to the sea |
| Globalization | extending trade to other or all parts of the world: |
| Industrialization | the large-scale introduction of manufacturing, advanced technical enterprises, and other productive economic activity into an area, society, country, etc. |
| Gross Domestic Product | the value of only goods and services produced wihtin a country in a period of time. |
| Cash Crops | crops grown for direct sale, and not for use in a region, such as coffee, tea and sugar in Africa. |
| Tariffs | an official list or table showing the duties or customs imposed by a government on imports or exports. |
| Developing Nation | A nation where the average income is much lower than in industrial nations, where the economy relies on a few export crops, and where farming is conducted by primitive methods. Most of them are in Africa, Asia, and Latin Ame |
| Prime Meridian | zero degree longitude line that separates the eastern and western hemispheres. |
| terraced farming | an ancient technique for growing crops on hillsides or mountain slopes, using step-like horizontal fields cut into the slopes. |
| Three Gorges Dam | a dam begun in the late 20th century on the Chang Jiang in China, to help control flooding, generate power, and allow ships to sail farther into china. |
| Tigris River | one of the most important rivers of Southwest Asia; it supported several ancient river valley civilizations, and flows through parts of Turkey, Syria and Iraq. |
| topography | the combined characteristics of landforms and their distribution in a region. |
| wadi | a riverbed that remains dry except during the rainy seasons. |
| yurt | a tent of Central Asia's nomads. |
| theocratic government | government in which religious leaders control the government, relying on religious law and consultation with religious scholars. |
| suburb | a political unit or community touching the borders of the central city or touching other suburbs that touch the city. |
| rift valley | a long, thin valley created by the moving apart of the continental plates, present in East Africa, stretching over 4,000 miles from Jordan in Southwest Asia to Mozambique in Southern Africa. |
| relative location | describes a place in relation to other places around it. |
| OPEC | The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, a group established in 1960 by some oil-producing nations to coordinate policies on selling petroleum products. |
| polder | land that is reclaimed from the sea or other body of water by diking and drainage. |
| monarchy | a type of government in which a ruling family headed by a king or queen holds political power and may or may not share the power with citizen bodies. |
| mosque | an Islamic place of worship, where Muslims pray facing toward the holy city of Mecca. |
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