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anatomy of respirati

Question	Answer
respiration involves the ____ system and the ____ system	respiratory and the circulatory
What are the 4 processes of respiration	ventilation, external respiration, transport, internal respiration
Does ventilation occur in the respiratory system or the circulatory system	respiratory
Ventilation is simply what	breathing/the exchange between lungs and outside
Does external respiration is occur in the respiratory system or the circulatory system	respiratory system
External respiration the exchange of ___ and ___ between the lungs and the blood	CO2 and O2
What is transport	transport is when O2 and CO2 are in the blood
Transport happens in the respiratory or the circulatory	circulatory
Internal respiration happens in the ciruclatory or the respiratory	circulatory
What is internal respiration	when O2 and CO2 exchange between systemic blood and tissues
What is the middle of the nose called	septum
What are conchae	ridges in the nasal cavity to increase surface area
The increase of surface area caused by the conchae increases what! what does this do for you	air turbulence, it makes for better cleaning and warming the air that comes in
Olfactory receptors are	smell receptors
Where are the olfactory receptors located	the top of the nasal cavity
Most of what we tastes comes from	what we smell
What are the 4 main functions of the nasal cavity	provides respiratory airway, mostiens/warms the entering air, filters and cleans the air you breathe, acts as a resonating chamber for speech
How is the air warmed when you breathe it through your nose	because there are many capillary beds under the cilia in your nasal cavity that transports heat
How does the nasal cavity filter	the cilia is covered in mucus so it captures particles
Mucosa in the nasal cavity is secreted by what	pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
What does mucosa contain	lysozyme and defensins
The cilia moves contaminated mucus to where	towards the throat
Once the swallowed mucus reaches the alveoli, it is now what	sterile
What triggers sneezing	sensory nerve endings
What are paranasal sinuses	spaces in the skull
What do sinuses do for the skull	lightens it
Paranasal sinuses are ___ sacs	blind
What does it mean that the sinuses are blind sacs	they lead to nowhere
Because paranasal sinuses lead to nowhere, what happens	they can be easily infected because of a lack of movement
Sinus headaches/ infections happen when there is a change in	pressure
What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx	nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
What lines the nasopharynx	pseduostratified columnar epitheilum
The nasopharynx is posterior to what	nasal cavity
What closes the nasopharynx during swallowing	the soft palate and uvula
What lines the oropharynx	stratified squamous epithelium
The oropharynx is the passage way for food and air ending at what structure	the epiglottis
The laryngopharynx extends all the way to what structure	the larynx
Tonsils help filter out what	bacteria
Adenoid tonsils are located where	in the top right of the nasopharynx
Can adenoid tonsils be removed	yes
Where are palatine tonsils located	in the oropharynx
Can the palatine tonsils be removed	yes
Where are the lingual tonsils located	under the tongue
Can lingual tonsils be removed	not unless there is cancer or a disorder
The larynx attaches to what bone	the hyoid bone
the layrnx opens into what part of the pharynx	the laryngopharynx
The larynx is continuous with what structure	the trachea
What are the 3 main functions of the larynx	provides a patent airway, routes food and air into proper channels, and voice production
All of the larynx is _____ cartilage except for the _____	hyaline and epiglottis
What are the 4 types of hyaline cartilage in the larynx	thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, arytenoid cartilage, corniculate cartilage
What is the adams apple created by	the protrusion of the thyroid crest
what is the function of the epiglottis	it opens to allow air through but closes when you swallow to prevent food going into the trachea
Babies can __ and ___ at the same time	swallow and breathe
Why do babies need to be burped	because they swallow a lot of air
The vocal ligaments attaches what	arytenoid cartilage to thyroid cartilage
The opening between the vocal cords is what	the glottis
The vocal folds/cords vibrate to do what	produce sound as air rushes up from the lungs
The trachea is also known as the ___ pipe	wind
About how long is the trachea and is the diameter of what	7 in and a garden hose
The trachea is encased by what	C shaped rings of cartilage that open in the back
What is behind the trachea	esophagus
the C shape of the rings prevents what	food from being stuck from the rings protruding into the esophagus
The trachialis muscles contracts during what to expel mucus	coughing
What is the carina	last tracheal cartilage and the point where trachea branches into 2 bronchi
There are about __ orders of branching of the bronchi	23
The branching pattern of bronchi are called	bronchial respiratory tree
What is the conducting zone	the conduits to gas exchange
The conducting zone contains what structures	everything but the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli
Each main bronchus enters the __ of one lung	hilum
The right bronchus is what	bigger, wider, shorter, more verticle than the left
Each main bronchus branches into what	lobar (secondary) bronchi, and segmental (tertiary) bronchi
There are _ lobar bronchi on the right, and _ lobar bronchi on the left	3, 2
The segemental bronchi are the ones that divide into what	bronchioles
The smallest bronchioles are what	terminal
Once the bronchi branch to bronchioles, what begins to change	the tissue that makes them up
What is the respiratory zone	the site of gas exchange
What structures are involved in the respiratory zone	respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
there are 300 million alveoli to account for most of the lungs ___ and are the main site of ___ ______	volume, gas exchange
Alveoli contain what	open pores that connect to adjacent alveoli
Alveoli allows pressure in lungs to what	equalize
Alveoli house what to keep alveolar surfaces sterile	macrophages
What is the type one cell in the alveoli
What is the type 2 cell in the alveoli	the cells that secrete surfactant
What is surfactant	a detergent like substance that stops the sides of the alveoli from sticking together by reducing the surface tension
When does surfactant develop	the 7th month in the womb

Created by: 100000098798375 on 2012-04-16

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anatomy of respirati