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physical 12

chapter 12

QuestionAnswer
element material made of 1 atom
proton positively charged ion
periodic table chart of elements in order by atomic number
atomic symbol abbreviation for an atom or element
atomic number number of protons in an atom
neutron atom with no charge
nucleon proton or neutron
atomic nucleus positively charged center of every atom
electron negatively charged ion
isotope set of atoms with different numbers of neutrons
atomic mass mass of an elements atoms
period hoizontal row in periodic table
group famiyl of elements
physical model representation of an object on some convienant scale
conceptualmodel helps us predict how systems behave
atomic spectrum considered to be an elements "fingerprints"
quantum hypotheis idea that light energy is contained
quantum small packet of ligh energy
shell overlapping atomic orbitals of similar energy levels
valence electron electron located in outermostr occupied shell in an atom
radioactivity unstable atomic nuclei break down and emit radiation
alpha particle nucleus of helium atom
beta particle electron emitted during the decay of nuclei
gamma ray electromagnetic radiation emitted by radioactive atoms
rad quanity of radiant energy equal to 0.01
rem unit measuring ability of radiation to harm living tissue
strong nuclear force force of interaction between all nucleons
half life time it takes half the atoms in an isotope to decay
transmutation conversion of an atomic nucleus of one element into an atomic nucleus of another element
nuclear fission splitting ofthe nucleus of a heavy atom
chain reaction products of one reaction event stimulate further reaction events
nuclear fusion combination of the nuclei of light atoms to form heavier nuclei
thermonuclear fusion nuclear fusion produced by hightemp
basic research research of how the natural world operates
applied research developing applications through basic research
molecule submicroscopic particle consisting of a group of atoms
submicroscopic atoms and molecules so small we cannot observe them with optical microscopes
physical change substance charges a physical property without transforming
physical property physical attribute of a substance
chemical property ability of a substance to undergo a change
chemical bond attraction that holds two atoms together
chemical change change in atoms being rerranged into one or more new substances
chemical reaction synonymous with chemical change
elemental formula notation that uses the atomic symbol to denote how atoms are bonded together
compund atoms of different elements are bonded to one another
chemical formula notation used to indicate the composition of a compund
Created by: blaineyork
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