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Chapter 17
Networking Essentials
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A___________area network)consisting of personal devices at close range such as a cell phone, PDA, and notebook computer in communication. PANs can use wired connections (such as USB or FireWire) or wireless connections (such as Bluetooth or infrared | PAN (personal |
| A___________covers a small local area such as a home, office, other building, or small group of buildings. LANs can use wired (most likely Ethernet) or wireless (most likely 802.11, also called Wi-Fi technologies. | LAN (local area network) |
| A______ is used for workstations, servers, printers, and other devices to communicate and share resources. | LAN |
| A___________ covers a limited geographical area, and is popular in places where networking cables are difficult to install, such as outdoors, in public places, and in homes that are not wired for networks. They are also useful in hotel rooms. | wireless LAN (WLAN) |
| A___________covers a large campus or city. (A small MAN is sometimes called a CAN or campus area network.) Newer technologies used are wireless and Ethernet with fiber-optic cabling. Older technologies used are ATM and FDDI. | MAN (metropolitan area network) |
| A_____________ covers a large geographical area and is made up of many smaller networks. | WAN (wide area network). The best-known WAN is the Internet. |
| Some technologies used to connect a single computer or LAN to the Internet include | DSL, cable moderm, satellite, cellular WAN, and fiber optic |
| Bandwidth: | data transmission rate |
| Data throughput: | actual network transmission speed |
| Latency: | delays in network transmissions |
| When two devices on a network communicate, they must use the same protocols, so that the communication makes sense. For almost all networks today, including the Internet, the protocol used is called | TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol). TCP/IP is actually a group of protocols that control many different aspects of communication. |
| Before data is transmitted on a network, it is first broken up into segments. Each data segment is put into a | packet |
| You can connect a computer or LAN to the Internet using | broadband, wireless, or dial-up connection |
| Broadband technologies used to connect to the Internet are | cable modem, DSL, fiber-optic, satellite and ISDN |
| A__________Uses existing cable lines, Always connected (always up), TV signals and PC data signals share same coax cable, and converts PC’s digital signals to analog. | Cable modem |
| A________Group of broadband technologies and Wide range of speeds. Uses ordinary copper phone lines and unused voice frequencies. Always connected(always up), Some services offer connect on demand. | DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) |
| Asymmetric DSL (ADSL): | one upload speed, faster download speed |
| Symmetric DSL (SDSL): | equal bandwidths in both directions |
| ______,you share the TV cable infrastructure with your neighbors, which can result in service becoming degraded if many people in your neighborhood are using cable modem at the same time and Sometimes purchased on a sliding scale. | With Cable modem |
| ____________,static over phone lines in your house can be a problem. The company provides filters to install at each phone jack. use PC network port or USB port to connect. Sometimes purchased on a sliding scale. | With DSL |
| A_______________provides high-speed Internet connections in remote areas. Available everywhere (airplanes) with a disadvantage: latency when uploading. | Satellite |
| A_______________dedicated point-to-point (PTP) because No line sharing with other business or residence. Cabling endpoints: carrier dependent. Upstream and downstream speeds and prices vary. | Fiber optic |
| Wireless Technologies | Use radio waves or infrared light and Useful in places where cables difficult to install. |
| __________________.These two standards use a frequency range 2.4 GHz frequency Range, 100m distance. The disadvantage that many cordless phones use the 2.4-GHz frequency range and cause network interference. | 802.11g and 802.11b |
| This latest Wi-Fi standard uses multiple input/multiple output (MIMO)technology whereby two or more antennas are used at both ends of transmission. it can use 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz range, 600 Mbps speed possible. | 802.11n |
| 802.11a: | no longer widely used |
| Manage connections between wireless devices and access points. | 802.11k and 802.11r |
| The three main Security protocols for encryption for 802.11 wireless networks are | WEP, WPA, WPA2 |
| With_____________ , data is encrypted using either 64-bit or 128-bit encryption keys is no longer considered secure. | WEP encryption |
| _____________, also called TKIP encryption, is stronger than WEP and was designed to replace it. | WPA encryption |
| The latest and best wireless encryption security standard is | WPA2 |
| By disabling the___________ , or even the beacon signal itself, you can hide the presence of your wireless network or at least obscure the SSID itself which is critical for a device to connect to your network or change the default name. | broadcasting of the SSID |
| A_______________is a 6-byte number uniquely identifying network adapter, prevents uninvited guests from using wireless LAN, and does not prevent others from receiving data in the air. | Filter MAC addresses |
| A_________used in public hot spots and as a wireless broadband solution for business and residential use. It often used as a last mile solution for DSL or cable connection goes into a central point in area. | WIMAX or 802.16 wireless |
| A____________ cover a wide area. The network consists of cells and each cell is controlled by a base station(fixed transceiver and antenna). | Cellular network or Cellular WAN |
| ____________is an open standard that uses digital communication of data, and is accepted and used worldwide. | GSM |
| The ability to use your cell phone to browse the Web, stream music and video, play online game, use instant messaging and video conferencing is called | 3G (Third Generation) |
| Full-duplex transmission | both people in a conversation can talk or transmit at the same time. |
| Half-duplex transmission | works in only one direction at a time like Walkie-Talkies |
| ____________a short range standard only 10 meters, works the 2.4-GHz frequecy range, transfers data at up to 3 Mbps. | Bluetooth |
| A____________is the least expensive, slowest Internet connection, uses PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) to send data packets over phone lines, capable of Providing a Maximum Speeds of up to 56 Kb/s, and uses Analog Phone Lines to Connect to the Internet. | Dial-Up |
| A ____________, also called an air card, works like a cell phone to connect to a cellular WAN to give your computer Internet access. The device can be a USB device or can be a card that inserts into a PC Card slot or ExpressCard slot on a laptop. | cellular Internet card |
| Hardware devices creating and connecting to networks: | Desktop and laptop devices,Cables and their connectors, Hubs, Switches, Wireless access devices, Routers |
| A desktop to laptop computer connects to a local network using an | Ethernet wired network or wireless networking |
| A PC makes a direct connection to a network by way of a_____________, which might be a network port embedded on the motherboard or a network interface card (NIC), using an expansion slot, | network adapter |
| Laptops can make connections to a network through a | PC Card NIC, a built-in network port, or an external device that connects to the laptop by way of a USB port |
| For a network card port on the motherboard, a solide light indicates | connectivity |
| For a network card port on the motherboard, a blinking light indicates | activity |
| The_____________also known as hardware addresses or physical addresses is a unique value associated with a network adapter. They uniquely identify an adapter on a LAN and has a 48-bit (6-byte) number hard-coded on the card by it manucfacturer. | MAC addresses |
| Recall that the four speeds for Ethernet are | 10-Mbps Ethernet, 100 Mbps (fast Ethernet), 1 Gbps (Gigabit Ethernet), 10 Gbps (10-Gigabit Ethernet) |
| The three main types of cabling used by Ethernet are | Twisted-pair, Coaxial cable, and Fiber-optic. Coaxial cable is older and almost never used today. |
| Coaxial cable | use a single copper wire with braided shield |
| Fiber-optic: | use a glass strands inside protective tubing |
| ___________is the most popular cabling methode for local networt. it comes in two varieties: Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable. it Helps to Cancel the Effects of EMI. UTP is rate by CAT-3,CAT6 has less Crosstalk. | Twister Pair Cables |
| Coaxial Cable Considerations | Remove Terminator Brings Network Down –Failed Terminator Brings Network Down –Removing a Computer Brings Network Down (10Base2)- RFI and EMI. |
| The most common networking cable for a local network is | UTP cable using an RJ-45 connector |
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