Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Anti-Infective Pharm

basics

QuestionAnswer
Virulence- measure of an organisms pathogenicity. HIGH- microbe produces disease in small amounts 2 CHARACTERISTICS: invasiveness and toxicity
What is a pathogen? Includes: viruses, bacteria, fungi, unicellular (protozoans) and multicellular animals (fleas, mites, worms, etc.)
Invasiveness- pathogens ability to grow extremely fast and cause direct damage to surrounding tissues
Exotoxins- proteins released by bacteria into surrounding tissues. They have the ability to inactivate or kill host cells.
Endotoxins- nonprotein chemicals that are part of the outer layer of the envelope surrounding gram-NEGATIVE bacteria. They release cytokines that cause pain, inflammation, fever, and chills.
gram-POSITIVE -vs- gram-NEGATIVE difference is biochemical and physiological POSITIVE- bacteria that contains a thick peptidoglycan cell wall NEGATIVE- thinner cell walls, resists SULFONAMIDES.
Classify: Anti-Infectives 3x Used against? 4x by susceptible organisms, chemical structure, and mechanisms of action. Used to treat bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic infections.
Types of Anti-infectives antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoan, and antihelminthic (destroy parasitic worms)
Antibiotic- refers to natural substance produced by a microorganism that can kill other microorganisms. Now produced synthetically.
Grouping antibiotics:(2 classes) Chemical Pharmacological chemical- chemical structure (therapeutic group) pharmacological- mechanism of action
Pharmacology of anti-infectives- How do they work? Primary goal? selectively target a pathogen's metabolism or life cycle. Goal is to assist in elimination of the pathogen.
Difference between bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic? Bacteriocidal's goal is to KILL the pathogen Bacteriostatic's goal is to SLOW growth of pathogen so body can defend naturally.
name the Chemical Class: inhibition of cell wall synthesis 3x Penicillins Cephalosporins Carbapenems
name the Chemical Class: inhibition of protein synthesis Aminoglycosides Tetracyclines Macrolides Oxazolidinones
name the Chemical Class: Disruption of plasma membrane Azoles Polyene
name the Chemical Class: inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis Flouroquinolones
name the Chemical Class: inhibition of metabolic pathways Sulfonamides
5 methods by which antibacterials exert toxicity: 1. inhibition of cell wall synthesis 2. inhibition of protein synthesis 3. Disruption of plasma membrane 4. inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis 5. inhibition of metabolic pathways
MSRA- Methicillin-Resistant Strphlococcus aureus bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics. Acquired in: hospitals/long-term care facilities (HA-MRSA) community (CA-MRSA)
VRE- Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Found in woulds and pressure ulcers (hospitals/nursing homes) originates in vaginal flora and GI tract
Superinfections- Occur when anti-infective antibiotic kills host flora. S&S: diarrhea, bladder pain, painful urination, or abnormal vaginal discharge.
Created by: 1297638201
Popular Nursing sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards