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Chpt 11 Earthquakes

Earthquake Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Vibrations produced when rocks break along a fault. Earthquake
Seismic wave that moves rock particles up and down in a backward rolling motion and side to side in a swaying motion. Surface Wave
Seismic wave that moves rock particles at right angles to the direction of thee wave. Secondary wave
Seismic wave that moves rock particles back and forth in the same direction that the wave travels Primary wave
Scale used to describe the strength of an earthquake and is based on the height of the lines on the seismogram. Richter Scale
Scale used to describe the intensity of an earthquake using the amount of structural and geologic damage. Modified Mercalli Scale
Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. Epicenter
In an earthquake, the point below Earth's surface where energy is released in the form of seismic waves. Focus
Break in rock caused by shear forces, where rocks move past each other without much vertical movement. Strike-slip-fault
Break in rock caused by compression forces, where rock above the fault surface moves upward relative to the rock below the fault surface. Reverse fault
The area on Earth where no seismic waves are received. Shadow zone
Measure of the energy released during an earthquake Magnitude
The boundary between the crust and upper mantle. Mohorovicic discontinuity
The point of an object just before it reaches its breaking point. Elastic limit
Seismic sea wave that begins over an earthquake focus and can be highly destructive when it crashes on shore. Tsunami
Rigid layer of Earth about 100 km thick, made of the crust and a part of the upper mantle. Lithosphere
Break in rock caused by tension forces, where rock above the fault surface moves down relative to the rock below the fault surface. Normal fault
The kind of forces present where Earth's plates come together. Compression
Occurs when wet soil acts more like a liquid during an earthquake. Liquefaction
Scientists who study earthquakes and seismic waves. Seismologist
Instrument used to register earthquake waves and record the time that each arrived. Seismograph
The radius from 3 stations is equal distanced from the epicenter, the intersection of the 3 circles is the location of: The epicenter
Created by: jojones21
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