Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Week 1

09/11/07

QuestionsAnswers
Q: What is the maximum amount of electrons an atom can have in its innermost shell? A: Two.
Q: What is the maximum amount of electrons an atom can have in its outermost shell? A: Eight.
Q: The outermost shell of an atom is referred to as what? A: The valence shell.
Q: The way in which atoms react with one another is based on what? A: The electrons in the outermost shell referred to as valance electrons.
Q: True or False? Atoms will always gain electrons in order to fill their outer shells. A: False! Atoms with incompletely filled outer shells tend to GAIN, LOSE, or SHARE electrons in ways to EMPTY or FILL their outer shells and create a stable structure.
Q: What is the "Rule of Octets" or the "Octet Rule"? A: Except for the first energy level, atoms react with other atoms so they will have 8 electrons in their valence shell.
Q: What is another name for an electrovalent bond? A: An ionic bond.
Q: What is an ion? A: An atom that has lost or gained electrons to fill their valence shell.
Q: A negative ion is referred to as what? A: An anion.
Q: A positive ion is referred to as what? A: A cation.
Q: What is an ionic bond? A: A bond formed between two oppositely charged ions.
Q: Give an example of an ionic interaction found in biological molecules. A: Salt bridges.
Q: What is a covalent bond? A: A bond formed when atoms share electrons.
Q: True or false? A covalent bond is a strong bond. A: True!
Q: What is a nonpolar covalent bond? A: A covalent bond where electrons are shared equally.
Q: Give an example of a nonpolar covalent bond. A: Hydrogen (H2), Oxygen (O2).
Q: What is a polar covalent bond? A: A covalent bond where electrons are shared unequally causing partial negative and positive regions.
Q: Give an example of a polar covalent bond. A: Water (H20)
Q: What is a hydrogen bond? A: A hydrogen bond is a weak bond formed between hydrogen atoms (that are covalently bonded to another atom) and another atom.
Q: True or false? Hydrogen bonds are important in intra-molecular bonds. A: True! They bind different parts of the same molecule, which helps maintain structure of protein molecules and DNA chains.
Q: What is the most abundant component in cells? A: Water, making up about 70% of cells and 2/3 of human body weight.
Q: True or false? Most biochemical reactions occur in aqueous solution. A: True!
Q: Give two examples of the importance of water discussed in class. A: Transport of chemicals into the body and thermoregulation.
Q: What is the approximate percentage of water compostion in humans? A: 63% for males, and 52% for females.
Q: What are the two major fluid compartments in humans and what is the relative percent of each? A: The intracellular fluid compartment (ICF), about 63% of total water and the extracellular fluid compartment (ECF), about 37% of total water.
Q: What contains more water, the ICF or ECF? A: The ICF.
Q: True or false? Water is wierd. A: True!
Q: Water is liquid in what temperature range. A: 0-100 degrees celsius.
Q: What is meant by high heat capacity? A: Absorbs and releases large amounts of heat very slowly before temperature changes appreciably.
Q: What is meant by high heat of vaporization? A: Requires a lot of heat to change from a liquid to a gas.
Q: Define an amphipathic molecule. A: A molecule with both polar and nonpolar groups.
Q: Give an example of an amphipathic molecule. A: Phospholipids.
Q: True or false? Hydrophilic molecules are soluble in water. A: True! Hydrophilic molecules are polar and suluble in water.
Q: True or false? Hydrophobic molecules are soluble in water. A: False! Hydrophobic molecules are nonpolar and insoluble in water.
Q: What is dehydration (synthesis)? A: Dehydration (synthesis) is when water is removed from adjacent atoms (of molecules) to form a bond between them.
Q: What is hydrolysis (degradation)? A: Hydrolysis (degradation) is when water is used to break bonds between molecules.
Q: What is osmosis? A: Diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
Q: What is osmotic pressure? A: The pressure required to stop the net flow of water across the membrane.
Q: What is a hypertonic solution? A: A solution with a higher solute concentration relative to a cell... cell will crenate.
Q: What is a hypotonic solution? A: A solution with a lower solute concentration relative to a cell... cell will swell or lyse.
Q: What is an isotonic solution? A: A solution with the same solute concentration relative to a cell... causes no change in a cell.
Q: For our purposes in this class, what is an acid? A: A proton donor; donates hydrogen ions (H+) to a solution.
Q: For our purposes in this class, what is a base? A: A proton acceptor; removes hydrogen ions (H+) from solution.
Q: True or false? Weak acids and bases do not completely dissociate in water. A: True!
Q: True or false? Strong acids and bases rapidly & completely dissociate in aqueous solution. A: True!
Q: Did you know... ? A: Most acids and bases in the extracellular fluid are weak acids and bases.
Q: The stronger the acid, the _______ the Ka. A: Larger.
Q: The stronger the acid, the _______ the pKa. A: Lower.
Q: What does the acid dissociation constant (Ka) indicate? A: The tendency of the acid (HA) to lose its proton and form its conjugate base (A-).
Q: What is the formula for Ka? A: Ka = [H+][A-] / [HA]
Q: What is the formula for pKa? A: pKa = -log Ka
Q: What is the formula for pH? A: pH = -log [H+]
Q: What is the pH of water (neutral)? A: Seven.
Q: A solution whose hydrogen ion [H+] concentration is less than its hydroxide ion [OH-] concentration is said to be _______. A: Basic or alkaline.
Q: A solution whose hydrogen ion [H+] concentration is greater than its hydroxide ion [OH-] concentration is said to be _______. A: Acidic.
Q: Having a pH less than 7.35 is referred to as what? A: Acidosis.
Q: Having a pH greater than 7.45 is referred to as what? A: Alkalosis.
Popular Chemistry sets
Review
Review
PT and counting atoms
Chapter 3 terms
Review
"5th Grade - Mixtures & Solutions - Terms & Definitions"
Structure of Atoms
Element Symbols
13 Polyatomic ions to memorize
Element Symbols
Ejercicos para ayudar a memorizar símbolos de principales elementos químicos
Periodic Table

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards