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PHM 110
Chapter 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a isotonic solution and an example? | Solution with the same number of particles as blood. 0.9% Normal Saline |
| What is a hypertonic solution and an example? | Has a greater number of particles than the blood cells themselves. 50% Dextrose |
| What is a hypotonic solution and an example? | Has fewer numbers of particles than blood cells. 0.45% Normal Saline |
| What is osmolarity? | a measure of the milliosmoles of solute per liter of solution |
| What is pH value? | Degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution. How bad it stings. Eye and ear drops have alkalinity |
| What is an IV push? | a bolus injection. the medication is rapidly administered with a syringe into an IV line or catheter, usually in the patient's arm |
| How many mL does a small volume parenteral have? | less than 100. and is usually used for delivering meds at a controlled infusion rate |
| How many mL does a large volume parenteral have? | more than 100. used to replenish fluids and to provide drugs, electrolytes, and nutrients |
| What is an IV piggyback? | involves the preparation of a small amount of solution, usually 50 to 100 mL, in a minibag. Sits behind the IV push |
| What is TPN? | Total Parenteral Nutrition. Your food if your unable to eat. Contains more than 50 components such as dextrose, protein, amino acids, electrolytes, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, ect. |
| How long is a TPN administered? | for 24 hours. 1,2, or 3 liter for adults. IV is put into the neck because the vein is stronger |
| What is aseptic technique? | the manipulation of sterile preparations and devices in such a way as to avoid introducing disease-causing microorganisms |
| What are the procedures for correct aseptic technique? | remove jewelry.wash hands.glove and dress out.clean hood.gather all materials and place correctly under hood.alcohol gloves.alcohol injection ports.prepare product.arrange finished product side by side for checking |
| What is coring? | inadvertent introduction of a small piece of the rubber stopper into the solution. Larger needles usually core more easily than small needles |
| What is diluent? | the sterile fluid to be added to the medication powder to reconstitute or dissolve it |
| What is an ampule? | drug container with a single dose only;contains no preservative |
| What should all CSPs after completed be given a visual check for? | particulate matter against a black or white background. must be checked by pharmacist and technician |
| What are the guidelines for a CSP to be re dispensed? | if the pharmacist or pharmacy tech is assured that it remained sterile and chemically stable during its storage on the nursing unit. Was it refrigerated and protected from light if necessary? The beyond use dating? |
| ***KNOW COMPONENTS OF SYRINGE*** | ***KNOW COMPONENTS OF A NEEDLE*** |
| What is priming? | the action of flushing out the small particles in the tubings' interior lumen prior to medication administration and letting fluid run through the tubing so that all of the air is flushed out |
| What is a drop set? | The number of drops it takes to make 1 mL which identifies the IV set |
| What is a cytotoxic drug? | a hazardous agent that can be used in cancer chemo, an antiviral drug for a patient with HIV, a biological hormone, a bio engineered drug, or a radioactive pharmaceutical |
| What are the clothing requirements for hazardous drugs? | gown. hair covers. shoe covers. eye protection. mask. latex gloves(2 pair) |
| What is important about handling and preparing hazardous agents? | they have to be filtered |
| What is QA? | quality assurance program. hospital must have in its policy and procedure manual with which to check for medication errors or contamination. |
| Automated compounding device | a programmable, automated device to make complex IV preparations such as TPNs |
| Catheter | device inserted into a vein for direct access to the blood vascular system |
| Chemo venting pin | device used to equalize pressure in the preparation of hazardous drugs |
| Closed system transfer device | needleless delivery system by which medications are aseptically activated and added to an IV minibag at patient bedside |
| Cold flow | tendency of a clamp on an IV administration set to return slowly to a more open position, with an increase in fluid flow |
| Creep | tendency of a clamp on an IV administration set to return to its previous position |
| Electrolyte | dissolved mineral salt, commonly found in IV fluids |
| Filter | device used to remove contaminants such as glass, paint, fibers, rubber cores, and bacteria from IV fluids |
| IV administration set | sterile, pyrogen free disposable device used to deliver IV fluids to patients |
| Nonpyrogenic | state of being free from microorganisms; a description of a packaged IV set |
| Osmotic pressure | pressure required to maintain an equilibrium, with no net movement of solvent |
| Spike | sharp plastic end of IV tubing that is attached to an IV bag of fluid |
| Y-site | rigid piece of plastic with one arm terminating in a resealable port that is used for adding medication to the IV |
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Tara3184
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