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DIT HIV
Question | Answer |
---|---|
gp41 | env gene protein responsible for fusion and entry of HIV into host cell |
gp120 | env gene protein that grabs CCR5 on MP, and CCXR4 on T cells. |
p24 | gag gene protein, capsid. |
reverse transcriptase | pol gene protein |
synthesizes dsDNA from RNA | reverse transcriptase |
diploid genome = 2 molecules of RNA | HIV |
what happens during the latent phase of HIV infection | virus replicates in lymph nodes |
when CD4<400, increased risk of contraction | oral thrush, tinea pedis, reactivation VZV, reactivation TB, bacterial infx |
when CD4<200, increased risk of contraction | reactivation HSV, crytosporidiosis, Isospora, dissemintaed coccidioidomycosis, pneumocystis |
when CD4<100, increased risk of contraction | candidal esophagitis, toxoplasmosis, histoplasmosis |
when CDr<50, increased risk of contraction | CMV retinitis and esophagitis, dissemintaed MAC, cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. |
-navir | Protease inhibitors |
Didanosine, Stavudine, Lamivudine, Zidovudine, Zalcitabine, abacavir | Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) |
competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to reverse transcriptase and terminate the DNA chain because they don't have a 3'-OH group | NRTIs |
Nevaripine, Efavirenz, Declaviridine | NNRTIs |
noncompetitively inhibit reverse transcriptase | NNRTIs |
Enfurvitide | fusion inhibitor |
binds viral gp41 subunit, blocking entry and replication | enfurvitide |
maraviroc | CCR5 antagonist |
inhibits gp120 conformational change | maraviroc |
raltegravir | integrase inhibitor |
GI intolerance | protease inhibitors |
Inhibit cytochrome P450 | protease inhibitors |
lipodystrophy and hyperglycemia | saquinavir, indinavir, amprenavir (Protease Inhibitors) |
Pancreatitis | ritonavir (PI) |
Nephrolithiasis | indinavir (PI) |
Pancreatitis and peripheral neuropathy | Didanosie, Zalcitabine, Stavudine (NRTI) |
Hepatic steatosis | Didanosine, Stavudine (NRTI) |
Hypersensitivity reactions | Abacavir |
Rash | NNRTIs |
False positive drug test to cannainoids | Efavirenz (NNRTI) |
Confusion | Efavirenz (NNRTI) |
Lactic acidosis | NRTIs (but not abacavir) |
megaloblastic anemia and peripheral neuropathy | zidovudine |
hyperglycemia, DM, and lipid abnormalities | Saquinavir, Indinavir, Amprenavir (PI) |
Given to pregnant women with HIV | zidovudine |
Regiment for occupational HIV exposure | zidovuidine + lamivudine |
a combination of different classes of medication used to attack the HIV at different points in its replication/infection cycle in order to control the infection and avoid resistance | HAART |