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Mrs. Price Ch 16

Chapter 16 notes and key terms

Question	Answer
What was the significance of Fort Sumter?	When it was attacked by Confederate troops, the Civil War began
Confederate or Union? Maryland	Union (border state)
Confederate or Union? Virginia	Confederate
Confederate or Union? Texas	Confederate
Confederate or Union? North Carolina	Confederate
Confederate or Union? Missouri	Union (border state)
Confederate or Union? Kentucky	Union (border state)
Confederate or Union? West Virginia	Union
What state divided (literally) over the issue of slavery?	Virginia. West Virginia joined the Union, while Virginia joined the Confederacy.
What were the border states?	Slave states that did not secede. They remained part of the Union.
List three strategies of the Confederacy.	1. Defend itself until the Union gets tired of fighting 2. Capture Washington D.C. 3. Cotton Diplomacy
What was cotton diplomacy?	Confederate efforts to use the importance of southern cotton to Britain's textile industry to persuade the British to support the Confederacy in the Civil War
List two strategies of the Union	1. Destroy the south's economy with a blockade 2. Gain control of the Mississippi River to divide the south.
List three strengths of the Confederacy	1. They had a strong military tradition with many skilled leaders. 2. They were fighting on home soil (they knew the land better and they were defending their homeland) 3. The wilderness of the south made it hard for Union troops to attack
List three strengths of the Union	1. Larger population 2. Better transportation network 3. Stronger economy
Who turned down Lincoln's offer to head the Union army but agreed to head the Confederate forces?	Robert E. Lee
Who was the Confederate General who earned the nickname "Stonewall" by refusing to back down in the Battle of Bull Run?	General Thomas Jackson
The first major battle of the Civil War that took place at an important railroad junction that led to the Confederate capitol. This battle shattered the Union hopes of winning the war quickly.	The First Battle of Bull Run
A Union victory in the Civil War that marked the bloodiest single-day battle in U.S. history.	The Battle of Antietam
a warship that was heavily armored with iron	ironclads
What did the Union victory in the Battle of Shiloh mean for the Union?	it gave the Union greater control of the Mississippi River valley
American soldier, he was the first commisioned American admiral, and in the Civil War he captured New Orleans and maintained a blockade along the Gulf Coast against Confederate forces	Admiral David Farragut
What was the significance of the Siege of Vicksburg?	It gave the Union total control of the Mississippi River.
freeing of slaves	emancipation
an order issued by President Abraham Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union; took effect January 1, 1863	Emancipation Proclamation
In what way did African American soldiers in the Civil War face more difficulties than white soldiers?	African American soldiers were often killed or sold into slavery if captured by the Confederacy, while white soldiers were held as prisoners of war.
How were prisoners of war treated during the Civil War?	They were often held without shelter and given little food.
African American Civil War regiment that captured Fort Wagner in South Carolina	54th Massachusets Infantry
The constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment	habeas corpus
How did the Seige of Vicksburg affect the South	The Confederacy's western states were cut off from the rest of the South.
During the Civil War, how did many woman participate?	By providing medical care for injured soldiers in the war.
She was known as the "angel of the battlefield". She formed the basis for the future American Red Cross.	Clara Barton
What General was accidentally shot by his own men in the Battle of Chancellorsville?	Stonewall Jackson
Why was the Battle of Gettysburg considered the turning point in the Civil War?	Because it was a Confederate loss that turned the tide in favor of the Union.
What was the purpose of Lincoln's Gettysburg Address?	To praise the bravery of the Union soldiers and to remind Americans of the reasons that the Civil War was being fought.
What is Habeas Corpus?	The Constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment. (You can't just be thrown in prison without due process of the law)
What was the Wilderness Campaign?	A series of battles the Union launched in Virgina late in the war hoping to capture the Confederate Capital at Richmond.
What important contribution did General William Tecumseh Sherman make to the Union war effort?	He succeeded in destroying southern railroads and industries by capturing Atlanta.
What is total war?	a type of war in which an army destroys its opponent's ability to fight by targeting civilian and economic as well as military resources.
What is the significance of Appomattox Courthouse?	It was the Virginia town where General Robert E. Lee was forced to surrender, thus ending the Civil War.
Why did General Robert E. Lee decide to surrender his troops?	The Union army had surrounded his troops and he ran out of supplies.
Of the 620,000 pople that died during the Civil war, over half died from what?	infections and diseases
Lincoln's Gettysburg Address reflected ideas that were introduced in the Declaration of Independence because Lincoln spoke of the importance of...	valuing liberty, equality, and democracy.

Created by: pricekat

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