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Taylor's Ch.17 Terms

Ch. 17 Terms: Electricity

QuestionAnswer
Law of Electric Charges Like charges repel, and opposite charges attract
Electric Force Force between two charged objects
3 Types of Charging It Conduction, Friction, and Induction
Detecting Charge Using an Electroscope
Conductor and Examples Material in which charges can move easily Ex: Water
Insulator and Examples Material in which charges can not move easily Ex: Plastic
Static Electricity Buildup of electric charges on an object
Electric Discharge The loss of static electricity as charges move off an object
Lightning rod Pointed rod connecting to the ground by a wire
Grounded Are in contact with the ground
Lightning Dangers Trees and people in open ares, Staning under trees
Cell A device that produces an electric current by converting chemical energy into electrical energy
Battery Converts chemical energy into electrical energy and is made up of many cells
Parts of a battery – electrolyte & electrode Electrolyte: a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts an electric current Electrode: a conductor used to establish electrical contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit
Types of Battery Cells Wet cells and Dry cells
Relationship between potential difference & volts Potential differenc is expressed in volts
Photocells & Examples Part of a solar panel that converts light into electrical energy
Thermocouple Converts thermal energy into electrical energy
Atom Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
Prontons Positive Charge
Neutrons No charge
Electrons Negative charge
Electricity Interaction of Protons and Electrons
Electric current Movement of electrons from atom to atom
Voltage Energy used when electrons move during discharge
Two types of Electrical current
AC Electricity Changes direction several times(Alternating)
DC Electricity Does not change directions(Direct)
Resistance the opposition presented to the current by a material or device
Relationship between resistance & current
How thickness, length & temperature effect electrical current Thick wires have less resistance than thin wires;
Ohm’s Law Ampheres(A) = volts(V)/ohms(Ω)
Electrical Power Formula Current(I) = Voltage(V)/ Resistance(R)
Watt the unit used to express power; equivalent to a joule per second (symbol, W)
How is household energy measured by the energy company Watts/Volts
Circuit a complete path of an electric current
Load a device that uses electrical energy to do work
What do ALL loads do? Offer some resistance to electric currents and cause the electrical energy to change into other forms of energy
Explain the relationship that a switch plays in “opening” or “closing” a circuit. If the switch is open, this means it is "off", or not letting energy pass through. If the swich is closed, it means it is "on", or letting the energy pass through.
Series Circuit a circuit in which the parts are joined one after another such that the current in each part is the same
How many paths are in a series circuit? One path or one current
Explain what happens if one load in the parallel circuit is malfunctioning Charges will stilll run through the other circuits and they will still work
Parallel circuit Circuit in which different loads are located on separate branches
Why is this circuit important in the wiring of the lights in a building? This means the circuit can travel on more than one path, because there are separate branches
Give an example of a parallel circuit in your house Each electrical outlet in your home is connected to one circuit, but since it has separate branches, the energy can be passed to each outlet
Using the last paragraph p. 444 and fig. 26, explain the causes and dangers of overloading a circuit If there are too many loads for one current the loads may increase in temperature, also causing the appliances to fail
Explain how a fuse and circuit breakers help with circuit safety in your house and automobile Fuses have thin metal strips that melt as the circuit flows. If it gets to high, the metal melts, causing the circuit to stop flowing.
Created by: SasuketheKitty
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