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wethepeoplech3
We the People Government Chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a grant-in-aid? | Money appropriated by the national Congress to state and local governments |
| Why did the framers of the Constitution limit the power of the federal government? | They were suspicious of centralized power. |
| Which level of government is not addressed in the Constitution? | cities |
| In contrast to __________ federalism that defined America until the 1930s, since the New Deal, ____________ federalism has prevailed. | dual; cooperative |
| What is the purpose of the Tenth Amendment? | To limit the powers of the central government by establishing reserved powers for states and individuals |
| The Internet Tax Freedom Act that prohibits states and localities from taxing Internet access services is a good example of | preemption |
| By the year 1932, ____________ percent of the U.S. workforce was unemployed. | 25 |
| Gibbons v. Ogden in 1824 was important because it | gave the national government significant new authority to regulate interstate commerce. |
| Which of the following is a "traditional" area of national government responsibility? | defense |
| Which provision allows cities a guarantee of noninterference in various local affairs by state governments? | home rule |
| Specific powers provided to the national government in the U.S. Constitution are called ____________ powers. | expressed |
| Advocates of devolution argue that it encourages policy experimentation and innovation by states. The phrase that reflects this sentiment is | laboratories of democracy |
| what best exemplifies the doctrine of preemption? | Federal criminalization of marijuana, even when states or cities allow medicinal use |
| McCulloch v. Maryland is an important case because ____________ | the Court interpreted the delegated powers of Congress broadly, creating the potential for increased national powers. |
| The New Deal of the 1930s signaled the rise of | a more active national government |
| The process of transferring more responsibilities of governing from the national level to the state level is known as | devolution |
| The U.S. system of federalism allows substantial inequalities to exist across the country. T/f | True |
| Federalism is the most widely used method to divide powers among governmental units in the democracies of the world. t/f | False |
| Implied powers of the necessary and proper clause allows | the national government to interpret its delegated powers expansively. |
| The power to declare war is an example of which type of power? | expressed |
| States’ rights advocates argue that __________ | states do not have to submit to national laws when they believe the national government exceeds its authority. |
| The 1996 Welfare Reform Act is an example of New Federalism because _______ | it reduced the restrictions on how states spend grant money. |
| Regulations or new conditions for receiving grants that impose costs on state and local governments for which they are not reimbursed by the national government is the definition of | unfunded mandates |
| The Constitution specifically grants Congress the power to do all of the following except ___________ | charter a national bank |
| According to the text, what is one of the important arguments for a strong federal government? | Its role in ensuring equality |
| The division of powers and functions between the national government and state governments is the definition of | federalism |
| Over the course of American history, the federal government has _______ compared with state government. | grown stronger |
| Especially since the New Deal in the 1930s, ____________ has/have played a much more prominent role in protecting liberty and promoting equality. | national government |
| Which type of grant provides more control to state and local governments in the distribution of federal grants-in-aid? | block |
| One benefit of having a federal system is that _____ | states can act as laboratories of democracy. states have different needs and concerns. it gives state and local governments more flexibility to handle problems. |
| By the end of 2008, how many states allowed same-sex marriage? | six |
| The Supreme Court ruling in United States v. Lopez is important because ____ | it was the first time since the New Deal that the Supreme Court limited the power of Congress under the commerce clause. |
| The era of "New Federalism" began in the ___________ | 1970s |
| For three-quarters of American history, ____________ has/have done most of the fundamental governing. | state governments |
| Which president is best known for his attempts to return power to the states? | Richard Nixon |
| When a state’s laws conflict with federal law on international trade issues, | the national government law is supreme, so the state law is invalid. |
| Which of the following best represents a unitary system of government? | The national government selects the textbooks and curriculum for all schools. |
| For most of U.S. history, the national government followed a strict interpretation of interstate commerce. T/f | false |
| For most of U.S. history, the national government was quite small by comparison both to state governments and to the governments of other Western nations. t/f | true |
| Which provision allows cities a guarantee of noninterference in various local affairs by state governments? | home rule |
| The power to declare war is an example of which type of power | expressed |
| Which of the following is a "traditional" area of national government responsibility? | defense |
| The national government sets standards of conduct or requires the states to set standards that meet national guidelines. t/f | true |
| In recent years the national government has created a large number of regulatory commissions primarily to monitor the policy performance of state governments. t/f | false |
| Implied powers of the necessary and proper clause allows | the national government to interpret its delegated powers expansively. |
| Most of the rules and regulations Americans face in their daily lives are set by | state and local governments |
| Which level of government is not addressed in the Constitution? | cities |
| federal grants-in-aid that allow states considerable discretion in how the funds are spent | block grants |
| congressional grants given to states and localities on the condition that expenditures be limited to a problem or group specified by law | categorical grants |
| Article I, Section 8, of the Const, which delegates to Con the power "to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States and with the Indian tribes." This clause was interpreted by the Sup Court in favor of nat power over the economy | commerce clause |
| authority possessed by both state and national governments, such as the power to levy taxes | concurrent powers |
| a type of federalism existing since the New Deal era in which grants-in-aid have been used strategically to encourage states and localities (without commanding them) to pursue nationally defined goals. Also known as "intergovernmental cooperation" | cooperative federalism |
| a policy to remove a program from one level of government by delegating it or passing it down to a lower level of government, such as from the national government to the state and local governments | devolution |
| the system of government that prevailed in the United States from 1789 to 1937, in which most fundamental governmental powers were shared between the federal and state governments | dual federalism |
| specific powers granted by the Constitution to Congress (Article I, Section 8), and to the president (Article II) | expressed powers |
| a system of government in which the national government shares power with lower levels of government, such as states | federal system |
| a system of government in which power is divided, by a constitution, between a central government and regional governments | federalism |
| grants-in-aid in which a formula is used to determine the amount of federal funds a state or local government will receive | formula grants |
| provision from Article IV, Section 1, of the Constitution, requiring that the states normally honor the public acts and judicial decisions that take place in another state | full faith and credit clause |
| the process by which one unit of government yields a portion of its tax income to another unit of government, according to an established formula. Revenue sharing typically involves the national government providing money to state governments | general revenue sharing |
| programs through which Congress provides money to state and local governments on the condition that the funds be employed for purposes defined by the federal government | grants in aid |
| power delegated by the state to a local unit of government to manage its own affairs | home rule |
| powers derived from the necessary and proper clause of Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution. Such powers are not specifically expressed, but are implied through the expansive interpretation of delegated powers | implied powers |
| Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution, it provides Congress with the authority to make all laws "necessary and proper" to carry out its expressed powers | necessary and proper clause |
| attempts by Presidents Nixon and Reagan to return power to the states through block grants | new federalism |
| power reserved to the state government to regulate the health, safety, and morals of its citizens | police power |
| the principle that allows the national government to override state or local actions in certain policy areas; in foreign policy, the willingness to strike first in order to prevent an enemy attack | preemption |
| provision from Article IV, Section 2, of the Constitution, that a state cannot discriminate against someone from another state or give its own residents special privileges | privileges and immunities clause |
| grant programs in which state and local governments submit proposals to federal agencies and for which funding is provided on a competitive basis | project grants |
| economic policies designed to control the economy through taxing and spending, with the goal of benefiting the poor | redistributive programs |
| a form of federalism in which Congress imposes legislation on states and localities, requiring them to meet national standards | regulated federalism |
| powers, derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, that are not specifically delegated to the national government or denied to the states | reserved powers |
| the principle that the states should oppose the increasing authority of the national government. This principle was most popular in the period before the Civil War | states rights |
| regulations or conditions for receiving grants that impose costs on state and local governments for which they are not reimbursed by the federal government | unfunded mandates |
| a centralized government system in which lower levels of government have little power independent of the national government | unitary system |
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hkrawietz
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