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68wm6 p2 Spi Cor Inj
Spinal Cord Injury
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why may the full extent of spinal cord injuries not be apparent until 6-8 weeks after date of injury? | The spinal cord normally goes into what is called spinal shock after it has been damaged. The swelling and fluid masses showing on any resultant X-ray, MRI or CT scans, may well mask the true extent of the underlying injury. |
| What part of the spine is damaged in quadraplegics? | c1 - c6 |
| What part of the spine is damaged in paraplegics? | Thoracic, Lumbar, or Sacral |
| What injury is seen with rapid deceleration injuries, whiplash? | Flexion injury |
| What injury is seen with rapid deceleration injuries, whiplash? | Extension injury |
| What injury is seen with twisting of the spinal cord? | Flexion rotation injury |
| What is a flexion injury? | Displacement of vertebrae with fracture of two vertebral bodies and one disk |
| What is spinal shock? | a period of flaccid paralysis and a complete loss of reflexes below the point of injury immediately following spinal injury |
| Within how long after spinal injury does a complete loss of motor, sensory, reflex and autonomic activity below the level of the lesion occur? | within 30-60 minutes of injury |
| (This card is currently in question due to lack of resources) What is another name for spinal shock? | Areflexia |
| What are S/Sx of areflexia? | *Decreased blood pressure *Bladder distention *Bowel distention *Bradycardia *Decreased respiratory rate *Flaccid Paralysis *Warm dry skin |
| What is the duration of spinal shock? | Is temporary, spontaneously resolves days to weeks later |
| What is the area of nerve impulses to body following trauma to C1-C3? | complete quadriplegia, complete dependence |
| What is the area of nerve impulses to body following C4/C5 trauma? | Some shoulder movement possible require respiratory support |
| What is the area of nerve impulses to body following C6-C8 trauma? | incomplete quadriplegia- some elbow, arm and wrist movement. No sensation below midchest |
| What is the area of nerve impulses to body following T1-T6 trauma? | paralysis below the waist with control of hands abdominal breathing |
| What is the area of nerve impulses to body following T7-T12 trauma? | varying degrees of trunk and abdominal control |
| What is the area of nerve impulses to body following L1/L2 trauma? | Hip abduction impaired . No sensation below lower abdomen |
| What is the area of nerve impulses to body following L3-L5 trauma? | Knee and ankle movement impaired. No sensation below upper thigh |
| What is the area of nerve impulses to body following S1-S5 trauma? | bowel/bladder dysfunction, variable motor and sensory loss in lower extremities and perineum |
| What is the characterizing sign of autonomic dysreflexia? | exaggerated cardiovascular response to sympathetic stimuli |
| List 5 S/Sx of autonomic dysreflexia: | *Pounding headache *Diaphoresis *Nasal congestion *Piloerection (goose flesh) *Severe hypertension—systolic pressure up to 300mmHg *Severe Bradycardia *Blurred vision |
| In which form of tongs for head traction are burr holes NOT needed? | Gardner-Wells tongs |
| Surgical decompression of a spinal injury is not normally done until when? | Skeletal traction is in place |
| What is used to change a spinal injury PTs position without changing traction alignment? | A turning frame (Stryker or Foster) |
| What solution is used to cleanse pin sites in a head traction device? | Normal saline and hydrogen peroxide |
| How often are ROM exersizes conducted in a PT is a head traction devise and what kind of motion will it be? | Every 2 hours, Passive |
| If ROM is not fully employed in a PT with a head traction device, what will develop? | Muscle spasm and eventually spasticity will occur. Leading to contractures. |
| Why does reflex bradycardia occur in spinal injury PTs? | Dominate parasympathetic nervous system |
| The cardivascular system in a spinal injury PT loses the ability to do what? | regulate BP and heart rate |
| What kind of diet will a spinal injury PT be put on? | High fiber with calories adjusted to avoid weight gain, and vitamins |
| Most males with what upper motion neuron injuries can experience what? | reflexogenic erections with cutaneous stimulation |
| What is given to reduce edema from spinal cord injury? | Corticosteroids |
| Where must parenteral medication be injected in spinal PTs? | above area of paralysis (if possible) because circulation is poor below the area of injury |
Created by:
Shanejqb
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