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drugs for lower resp
drugs for ower resp
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the substance responsible for maintaining bronchodilation | cyclic adenosine monophosphate cAMP |
| in acute bronchospasm caused by anaphlyaxis, th drug administered subcutaneously to promote bronchodilation and elevate the blood pressure | epinephrine |
| the first line of defense in an acute asthma attack are drugs categorized as | beta2 adrenergic agonists |
| _____ is one of the first drugs to treat bronchospasm, is a nonseletive beta2 agonist | isuprel |
| sympathomimetics cause filation of the bronchioles by increasing _______ | cAMP |
| ______ increases the risk of digitalis toxicity | Theophylline |
| when theophylline and beta adrenergic agonists are given together, a _____ effect can occur. | synergistic |
| the half life of theophylline is _______ for smokers than for nonsmokers | shorter |
| aminophylline, theophylline, and caffeine are _________ derivatives used to treat________ | methylxanthine/xanthine asthma |
| the drug commonly prescribed to treat unresponsive asthma is | glucocorticoids |
| ______ is used as prophylactic treatment for bronchial asthma. It acts by inhibiting the release of _______. | Cromolyn (Intal) histamine |
| a serious side effect of cromolyn is ________ ___________ | rebound bronchospasm |
| the newer drugs for asthma are more selective for _______ receptors | beta 2 |
| the leukotriene receptor antagonist considered safe for children 6 or older | montelukast (singulair) |
| what time of day should singulair be taken | evening |
| dose of singulair for adults ; children | adults, 10mg children, 5mg |
| a group of drugs used to liquefy and loosen thick mucous secretions is | mucolytics |
| a client's medication is administered via a metered dose inhaler, what teaching prority should be included | shake the inhaler before use |
| what facts about an inhaler drug dose should the nurse be aware of | lower than an oral dose, fewer side effects than oral dose, and onset of action more rapid than oral dose |
| how many mins should a client wait after using a bronchodialator and before using a glucocorticid | 5 |
| a client experiencing an acute attack was given an iV loading dose of aminophylline. the pt is now receiving oral theo dur. how often is the medication generally administered | q6-12h |
| what is the usual adult dose of Theo-dur | 200-300mg q8-12h |
| which serum theophylline level should concern the nurse | 30 mcg/ml |
| what assessment finding in a client taking Theo-dur is associated with the medication | tachycardia, insomnia and restlessness, cardiac dysrhthmias |
| dietary nfluences for a client taking theo-dur include what | 1. increased metabolism with low carbohydrate diet, 2. decreased elimination with high carb diet, 3. increased metabolism with high protein diet. |
| what specific nursing interventions should be implemented for a pt taking Theo-dur | provide hydration, monitor vital signs, observe for confusion |
| what should be included in the health taching plan for a pt taking Theo-dur | stop smoking, do not take OTC products, and avoid caffeine |
| what are the side effects of long term use of glucocorticoids | impaired immune response, fluid retention, hyperglycemia |
| what anticholinergic drug has few systemic effets and is administered by aerosol | atrovent |
| which herb should be avoided by pts taking theophylline | ephedra |
| whatt clinical manifestations should the client be aware of with use of bronchodialators | nervousness, tremors, insomnia, and palpatations |
| what medications should be a concern when prescribed with Theo-dur | beta-blockers, digitalis, lithium, and phyntoin |
| when should theophylline be taken | with meals |
| what are some side effects of oral inhalers | hoarseness, dry mouth, white spots in the oral cavity, coughing |
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