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Rocks and Minerals

4th Grade Science Study Guide 1

QuestionAnswer
What are scientists who study rocks and minerals called? Geologists
What are the building blocks of rocks? Minerals
What are the 4 mineral properties that we use to identify minerals? a. luster b. hardness c. color d. streak
What term is used to refer to the way light reflects off a mineral? Luster
Why would you use a streak plate to identify some minerals? A streak plate is useful to identify some minerals because their "streak" is different than their solid color. (done by rubbing the mineral across the plate)
Why would you scratch minerals with different substances (like fingernails and pennies)? To determine the mineral's hardness.
What are rocks called when they are formed from hot, molten (melted) rock material that has cooled and hardened? Igneous Rocks
Hot molten rock UNDER the ground is called _______? Magma
Hot molten rock that has reach the surface of the earth through a volcano is called ________? Lava
When molten rock cools SLOWLY, the grains (crystals) are _________. Large
When molten rock cools QUICKLY, the grains (crystals) are ________. Small
When molten rock cools almost instantly . . . no crystals form and you get volcanic glass.
A rock made up of tiny particles of minerals and other rock is called ___________. Sedimentary Rock
Rock that has large pieces of other rocks or shells, as well as tiny grains in it is called _______. Conglomerate Rock
Metamorphic rocks have been changed by ________ & ________. Heat & Pressure
Heat and pressure can press minerals into _________. Bands
Rocks are changed from one type of rock to another type of rock by a never-ending process called _____. The Rock Cycle
Created by: 1517121881
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